Russian gas

如题所述

第1个回答  2022-06-21
正文

If the supply of Russian gas to Europe were cut off, could LNG plug the gap?

如果俄罗斯对欧洲的天然气供应被切断,液体天然气是否能补齐缺口?

Russia's actions in Ukraine have led to renewed speculation about the future of European energy, and in particular about its supply of natural gas. The continent gets around a quarter of its energy from gas. In 2019 Russia provided over 40% of that gas.

俄罗斯对乌克兰采取特别行动,再度引发人们对于欧洲能源的未来(特别是天然气供应问题)的种种猜测。欧洲使用的能源中大约四分之一来自天然气,2019 年,俄罗斯向欧洲供应了超过 40% 的天然气。

加入会员可查看

What if Vladimir Putin, Russia's president, were to cut off gas to the West? One alternative source of energy is liquefied natural gas (LNG). To what extent could LNG replace piped Russian gas as a source of energy for Europe?

如果俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京停止向西方供应天然气,会发生什么呢?其中的一种替代能源是液化天然气(LNG)。那么,液化天然气能够在多大程度上取代俄罗斯的管道天然气, 成为欧洲的能量能源呢?

Europe already uses a lot of LNG. One question is how much more of the stuff Europe can process. LNG is first turned into a liquid in order to be transported; it must then be "re-gassed" at terminals, before it can be used to heat and power homes.

欧洲已经在使用大量的液化天然气。问题是欧洲还能再处理多少液化天然气?为了方便运输,液化天然气首先需要转化为一种液体,在它能够给家庭供暖和供电之前,它必须在终端站“再次气化”。

加入会员可查看

The region's import terminals ran at 45% of capacity last year, although not all of these terminals are in the right place. Germany has no terminals, while Spain has a quarter of the continent's capacity, even though its gas infrastructure is largely isolated from the rest of Europe.

去年,在欧洲,进口液化气的终端站产能只用到 45% 左右;但这些终端站并不都坐落在合适的位置上:德国没有设立终端站,西班牙的终端站却占了整个欧洲大陆产能的四分之一,尽管它的天然气基础设施几乎孤立于其他欧洲国家。

加入会员可查看

The more pressing problem is the available supply of LNG. The biggest exporters of LNG are America, Australia and Qatar. Although they all have plenty more gas, all are already exporting at or near full tilt.

更为紧迫的问题是液化天然气可用的供给。液化天然气最大的出口国是美国、澳大利亚和卡塔尔。尽管它们有足够多的液化天然气,但可用于出口的量已经到达或接近最高值。

With America unable to provide much more, President Joe Biden has promised to help Europe find sources. So far, his attempts have borne little fruit. LNG is not the only lever Europe has to make up a shortfall in Russian supplies but it is an important one — and a hard one to pull.

由于美国没法提供更多的液化天然气,拜登总统承诺将帮助欧洲寻找资源。截至目前,他的尝试尚未奏效。为了补上俄罗斯(能源)供应的缺口,液化天然气并非欧洲的唯一手段,但这一方式尤为重要,也极为艰难。

主编:桃子、Lucky

品控:桃子、乐乐

审核:Lucky

重点词汇

cut off

中断,切断

相关词汇:cutoff(n. 切断供应)

例句:The US has announced a cutoff of military aid to its ally.

例句:The electricity / water / gas has been cut off.

plug the gap

补齐空缺

全称为 liquefied natural gas,液化天然气。它是将天然气净化处理、再进行超低温液化得来的;液化后的天然气方便运输,可以通过海运出口。

renewed

/rɪˈnjuːd/

adj. 重新开始的,再次发生的

相关词汇:renew(v. 重新开始,更新)

词根词缀:re-(表示“再,又”)

相关词汇:new(adj. 新的)

搭配短语:to renew a library book

搭配短语:to renew the contract

speculation

/ˌspek.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

n. 猜测;投机

例句:Houses are built to be inhabited, not for speculation. (房住不炒。)

搭配短语:speculation about / over / on sth.(对某事的猜测)

搭配短语:speculation about the future

to what extent

在多大程度上......

相关短语:to ... extent(到......程度)

相关短语:to some extent(在某种程度上)

相关短语:to a large extent(在很大程度上)

相关短语:to a certain extent(在一定程度上)

例句:To what extent do you agree or disagree?

terminal

/ˈtɝː.mə.nəl/

n. 终点站;码头

补充:LNG terminal 是液化天然气罐送达天然气使用区域时的接收站或终端站,这些接收站一般位于码头上。在这个接收站,人们把液化天然气从船上卸下来,再进行气化处理,最后让它按需进入天然气的输送管道。

capacity

/kəˈpæs.ə.t̬i/

n. 产能

例句:The factory was at full capacity.

infrastructure

/ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃɚ/

n. 基础设施

词根词缀:infra-(表示“在......之下”)

相关词汇:structure(n. 建筑体,结构体)

isolated

/ˈaɪ.sə.leɪ.t̬ɪd/

adj. 孤立的,个别的;孤独的

近义词:lonely

搭配短语:to feel isolated(感觉很孤独)

搭配短语:isolated farms and villages(偏僻的农场和村庄)

pressing

/ˈpres.ɪŋ/

adj. 紧迫的,迫切的

相关词汇:press(v. 按,压)

搭配短语:to press the button

词性拓展:pressing(n. 按、压)

近义词:urgent

搭配短语:a pressing need for housing

搭配短语:a pressing problem

at full tilt

全速地

英文释义:with maximum energy or force

例句:The plant is operating at full tilt to cope with demand.

bear fruit

奏效,取得成果

相关词汇:bear(n. 熊;v. 承担,承受;生孩子;树木结果)

搭配短语:to bear the responsibility

搭配短语:to bear children

搭配短语:to bear fruit

例句:Eventually her efforts bore fruit and she got the job she wanted.

lever

/ˈlev.ɚ/

n.(影响局势的)方法,手段

英文释义:something you use to influence a situation to get the result that you want

shortfall

/ˈʃɔːrt.fɑːl/

n. 缺口,差额

相关词汇:short(adj. 不足的)

相关词汇:fall(v. 下降)

搭配短语:an estimated shortfall of about £1 million

搭配短语:make up the shortfall = plug the gap