第3个回答 推荐于2017-09-23
英语5大基本句型:
1. 主谓----动词为不及物动词
I will leave.
2. 主谓宾----宾语是动作的承受者
I love you. I did my homework.
3. 主谓宾宾补----宾补是补充说明宾语的状态.
I have my hair cut. my hair 为宾语; cut 补充说明宾语hair的状态
I found it difficult. it 为宾语; difficult 补充说明宾语it的情况
4. 主谓双宾----人作间接宾语,物作直接宾语
Tom borrow me a book.
I give a present to Tom.
5. 主系表----表语一般由形容词或名词充当.
I am a student. 我是一名学生.
The leaves turn green. 叶子变绿.
常见的系动词有 be(am,are,is), turn, go, become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run, keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, feel, smell, sound, taste等.
简单句: 句子中只有一个主谓结构
I will go to the park.
复合句: 句子中不只有一个主谓结构(两个或以上),其中一个(或更多的)主谓结构充当句子的某一(些)成分. 其中,充当句子成分的主谓结构称为从句, 常由从属连词引出.
I will go to the park where I have never been to before.
并列句: 用逗号隔开或由连词连接的两个或以上的简单句(常见连词:and, but, then)
I will go to the park and visit it.
从句有定语从句(分限制性定从和非限制性定从), 名词从句(分主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句), 状语从句(分时间状从, 地点状从, 原因状从, 目的状从, 结果状从, 条件状从, 方式状从, 让步状从和比较状从)
●形容词性从从句---定语从句:
1.限制性定语从句:(翻译时常译为前置定语)
Have you found the book (that) you want? "你找到想要的书了吗?"
(that)you want 修饰先行词the book
2.非限制性定语从句:(起补充说明作用,常用逗号分开,翻译时常译为并列的分句)
This note was left by John, who was here a moment ago.
"这条子是约翰留的, 他刚才来过这儿."
●名词性从句:
1.主语从句 What he wants is a book. is 前面的主谓结构在整个句子中充当主语. "他所需要的是一本书."
2.宾语从句 I think (that) you are right. that后面的主谓结构在整个句子充当think的宾语. "我认为你是对的."
3.表语从句 This is why we put off the meeting. why引导的是表语从句, 在整个句子中充当表语. "这就是我们推迟会议的原因."
4.同位语从句:跟在一个名词后, 对其作出进一步的解释
The news that they won the match is true.
that they won the match是补充说明the news的内容, 这一部分是同位语从句.
●副词性从句---状语从句:
1.时间状从 I will tell him when he comes back. "他回来时我就告诉他."
2.地点状从 There are plenty of sheep where I live. "我住的地方很多羊."
3.原因状从 I do ti because I like it. "因为我喜欢我才干."
4.目的状从 He got up early so that/in order to he could catch the bus."他早早起床,以便能赶上公车."
5.结果状从 He spoke so fast that I can't follow him."他讲得太快,我跟不上"
6.条件状从 If you will go, please tell me. "如果你愿意去的话, 请告诉我."
7.方式状从 I work as others do. "我像别人那样工作."
8.让步状从 He didn't stop working although he was ill. "虽然他病了,但未停止工作."
9.比较状从 He runs fast than you (do). "他跑得比你快."
本人认为中学阶段还是语法为主,定语从句和名词性从句都是重点.
如有任何疑问, 可以加我本回答被提问者采纳