英语的五个基础句型。讲解加例句加翻译。

急!! 可不可以在句子中指出什么是主语什么是表语之类的

第1个回答  2020-06-17
1.
Subject
(主语)

Verb
(谓语vi)
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些动词常见的有:appear,
apologize,arrive,
come,
die,
disappear,
exist,
fall,
happen,
rise,等等。如:
The
students
work
very
hard.学生们学习很努力。
She
apologized
to
me
again.
她再次向我道歉。
The
accident
happened
yesterday
evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。
2.
Subject
(主语)

Link.
V(系动词)

Predicate(表语)
这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:
(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be,
look,
seem,
appear,
smell,
taste,
sound,
keep,
remain,
等等。如:
Several
players
lay
flat
on
the
playground.
几个队员平躺在操场上。
We
should
remain
modest
and
prudent
any
time.
我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。
This
kind
of
food
tastes
terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕。
The
picture
looks
more
beautiful
at
a
certain
distance.
这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。
(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become,
get,
grow,
turn,
go,
come,
prove,等等。如:
Spring
comes.
It
is
getting
warmer
and
warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。
Don't
have
the
food.
It
has
gone
bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了。
The
facts
prove
true.事实证明是正确的。
3.
Subject(主语)

Verb
(谓语)

Object
(宾语)
这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时,句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如:
You
can
put
the
books
in
your
bag.你可以把书放在书包里。
Farmers
in
our
area
grow
lots
of
vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。
She
lost
the
chance
to
make
her
appearance
on
the
stage.
她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。
I
prefer
to
make
web
pages.我更喜欢做网页。
4.
Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+
Indirect
object(间接宾语)+Direct
object
(直接宾语)
这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”。如:
Yesterday
her
father
bought
her
a
bicycle
as
a
birthday
present.
昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
The
old
man
is
telling
the
children
stories
in
the
Long
March.
老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。
这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型:1)动词

宾语

for
sb.;
2)动词

宾语+to
sb.。如:
Please
show
me
your
picture.
-Please
show
your
picture
to
me.
请把你的画给我看一下。
I'll
offer
you
a
good
chance
as
long
as
you
dont
lose
heart.
—I'll
offer
a
good
chance
for
you
as
long
as
you
don't
lose
heart.
只要你不失去信心,我会给你提供机会的。
5.
Subject(主语)+Verb
(动词)+Object
(宾语)+Complement(补语)
这种句型中的宾语+
补语可统称为“复合宾语”。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如:
Keep
the
children
quiet,
please.
请让孩子们安静下来。
He
painted
the
wall
white.
他把墙漆成白色。
We
found
him
an
honest
person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。
His
mother
told
him
not
to
play
on
the
street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩。
注意:动词have,
make,
let,
see,
hear,
notice,
feel,
observe,
watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。如:
The
boss
made
him
do
the
work
all
day.老板让他整天做那项工作。
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