时间状语从句详细讲解一下呗。谢谢

When she___(eat)breakfast,her telephone_____(ring)
when my father____(repair) the bike,my mom____(call)him.
when she ____(have)dinner,someone____(knock)at the door.
When my mother____(sweep)the floor,a friend______(come)to my house.
When Jack arrived at the cinema,the film_______(begin).

was eating,ran
was repairng,called
was having,knocked
was sweeping,came
had begun.
when引导状语从句,表示多种语法意义:

1. 表示时间,意为“当……时;在……的时候”。

A. 在时间、条件等状语从句里,用一般现在时表示将来时;当需要表达将来完成的意义时,必须使用现在完成时来代替。

如: ( 1 ) When you see him, please say hello to him. 见到他时,代我问他好。

( 2 ) When you have finished your experiment, please tidy the lab and put everything back in the cupboards. 当你们做完实验后,请把实验室整理好并把物品放回柜子中。

B. 表示过去发生的事情,在 when 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,动作发生在先的用过去完成时,在后的用过去时。

如: ( 1 ) When I was in Japan, I bought some beautiful pearls. 我在日本时,买了一些漂亮的珍珠。

( 2 ) When I reached the station, the train had left. 当我到达火车站时,火车已经开走了。

2. 表示前面的叙述所没有提到过的信息。它总是对所描述的事件予以引人注目的强调,意为“这时;突然”;当位于句末的分句具有引种用法时,大致有以下三种情况:

A. when 分句前面的分句使用过去进行时。

如: ( 1 ) He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. 他正笑着的时候,门突然开了,他妻子走了进来。

( 2 ) I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事时,突然听到有人叫我的名字。

B. when 分句前面的分句使用 was (were) about to, was (were) on the point 等。

如: ( 1 ) We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们刚要出发就开始下雨了。

( 2 ) He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他刚要走就有人敲门。

C. when 分句之前的分句用过去完成时,其中 sb had hardly / scarcely /barely … when 已成为固定词组。如:

( 1 ) We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang. 我们刚刚入睡,铃声就响了起来。

( 2 ) He had scarcely arrived when he had to leave again. 他刚刚到达就又要离开了。

3. 表示条件,相当于 if ,引导条件状语从句。

如: How can I get a job when I can't even read or write? 如果我连读和写都不会,我怎么能找到工作呢?

4. 表示对比,主要有以下两种情况:

A. 相当于 whereas, while, since, 意为“既然;然而”。

如: ( 1 ) How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? 既然他们不愿听我的,我又怎么能帮助他们弄明白呢?

( 2 ) They have only three copies when we need five. 他们只有三本,而我们却需要五本。

B. when 从句中使用虚拟语气,意为“本来……却……”。

如: ( 1 ) She paid when she could have entered free. 本来可以免费入场,而她却付了款。

( 2 ) She stopped trying when she might have succeeded next time. 她本来下次有可能获得成功,但她却不再尝试了。

( 3 ) They were gossiping, when they should have been working. 他们本该工作,却在那里说别人的闲话。

5. 由 when 等引导的状语从句,如果主语与主句的主语一致或是 it ,谓语动词又含 be 动词时,主语和 be 动词常常被省略,就变成“ when + V-ing/ V-ed/ adj/ 介词词组”的结构。

如: ( 1 ) When in Rome, do as Romans do. 入乡随俗。

( 2 ) When (we are ) young, we are full of hope. 年轻时,我们大家总是充满希望。

( 3 ) Don't reach sideways when standing on a ladder. 站在梯子上时,不要侧着身子去够东西
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