动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语的句子

Question

动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语的句子（每种举5个例句）急啊~~

Answer 1

动词不定式 不定式在句中作以下成分： ·作主语，例如： To die for the people is a glorious death. 为人民而死，虽死犹荣。 To ignore this would be a mistake. 忽视这一点是错误的。 To know something about English is one thing; to know English is quite another. 懂一点英语是一回事；掌握英语完全是另一回事。 有时用 it 作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式后置，例如： It is necessary to make a study plan. 有必要制订一份学习计划。 It is not difficult to learn a foreign language if you spend time and effort on it. 只要你花时间下功夫，学好一门外语并不难。 It seems a pity to refuse. 拒绝似乎很遗憾。 It made us very angry to hear him talk like that. 听他这样谈话我们非常气愤。 ·作表语，例如： To live like this is to enjoy life. 这样生活是一种享受。 What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand. 我所喜欢的是在大海里游泳，然后躺在温暖的沙滩上。 Our task is to make these young students into excellent doctors. 我们的任务是将这些年轻学生培养成优秀的医生。 The greatest happiness is to work for the happiness of all. 最大的幸福就是为大家的幸福而工作。 ·作宾语，例如： He must learn to work hard and to save money. 他必须学会勤俭节约。 Men fear death as children fear to go in the dark. 人们之惧怕死亡，犹如儿童之惧怕在黑暗中行走。 We decided to make changes in our plan. 我们决定把计划做些修改。 Mary begged to go with us. 玛丽恳求和我们一道去。 Some people can't bear to watch a bullfight. 有些人不忍心看斗牛。 能以不定式作宾语的动词有很多，常用的有：afford, agree, aim, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, can't bear, cease, choose, claim, commence, compete, consent, continue, dare, decide, decline, demand, deserve, desire, dislike, endeavour, expect, fail, fear, forget, get, grow, hasten, hate, have, help, hesitate, hope, hurry, learn, like, long, love, manage, mean, need, neglect, offer, pay, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, seek, refuse, start, stop, strive, struggle, threaten, train, try, undertake, unite, venture, volunteer, wait, want, wish 等。 动词不定式还可与 wh 词一起作动词的宾语，例如： I don't know how to tell you. 我不知道该怎样告诉你才好。 She knows where to find the key. 她知道该到哪儿去找钥匙。 You will soon learn when to use this construction. 你很快就会懂得在何时使用这种结构。 We must decide whether to go or stay. 我们得决定去还是留。 I hope you'll advise me what to do. 我希望你给我出主意怎么办好。 能接“wh - + 不定式”作宾语的动词有：advise, ask, consider, decide, discover, discuss, explain, find out, forget, guess, hear, imagine, know, learn, observe, perceive, remember, see, show, teach, tell, think, understand, wonder 等。 动词不定式在带有宾补的句中作宾语时，常用 it 的作形式宾语而将不定式宾语后置，例如 ： I think it necessary to help each other. 我认为有必要互相帮助。 They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. 他们发现不可能把一切都及时准备好。 She thought it unnecessary to argue with him about it. 她觉得没有必要和他辩论。 I have long had it in mind to answer you letter. 我一直在想给你回信。 ·作宾语，例如： The doctor advised him to take a good rest. 大夫劝他好好休息。 We consider him to be a good teacher. 我们认为他是个好老师。 I didn't expect you to arrive so early. 没想到你来得这么早。 May I request you to be present at the ceremony? 我可否请你出席这次仪式? His conscience compelled him to tell the truth. 他的良心促使他讲出了真情。 I mentioned casually that my doctor had absolutely forbidden me to drink champagne. 我顺便提及我的医生绝对禁止我喝香槟酒。 能接动词不定式作宾补的动词有： advise, allow, assist, bribe, cause, caution, challenge, charge, command, compel, condemn, dare, defy, direct, drive, enable, encourage, entitle, force, impel, implore, incite, induce, inform, instruct, invite , oblige, order, permit, persuade, press, recommend, remind, request, require, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, warn, wish 等。 有些动词要求接不带 to 的不定式作宾补，例如： I saw the train come into the station. 我看见火车进站了。 I often hear them sing this song. 我常常听到他们唱这首歌。 Suddenly we felt the atmosphere grow tense. 突然我们感到气氛紧张起来。 As a shy young visitor to Einstein's home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said, “I have something to show you.” 小时候有一次我去爱因斯坦家拜访时很腼腆，他说：“我有样东西给你看”，于是我感到无拘无束了。 能接省 to 的动词不定式作宾补的动词有：let, make, see, hear, listen to, feel, watch, notice, help 及 have. 有些动词像 think, consider, believe, suppose, know, feel, find, understand, declare, take 等可接 to be 短语作宾补，例如： They would start off by saying that “everyone knows” the earth to be round, and if pressed further, would become angry. 他们一开始就会说“大家都知道”地球是圆的，如追问下去，他们便会生气。 They believed these principles to be universally true. 他们认为这些原则是普遍适用的。 They found the answer to be quite satisfactory. 他们对答复感到满意。 ·作定语，例如： This is the best way to solve the problem. 这是解决这个问题的最好方法。 Look at the number of shops to let. 查一查出租商店的数目。 He wore a pale blue shirt and a tie to match. 他身穿淡蓝色的衬衣，系一条与衬衣相配的领带。 There are still two more items to include in the programme. 还有两个节目要列入节目单。 No investigation, no right to speak. 没有调查就没有发言权。 We must have the courage to say that we are ignorant. 我们应当有勇气承认自己是无知的。 You haven't kept your promise to write us regularly. 你没有遵守给我们经常写信的诺言。 You should have confidence in your ability to fulfil the task. 你们应对自己完成任务的能力有信心。 ·作状语，通常表示目的或者结果，例如： To solve the problem, he has read a lot of reference books. 为了解决这个问题，他看了许多参考书。 We arrived at the station only to find that the train had left. 我们到车站时，不料火车已经开走了。 They ran over to welcome the delegates. 他们跑过去欢迎代表们。 What have I said to make you so excited? 我说了什么话使你这样激动? We must do everything we can to help them. 我们要尽一切力量帮助他们。 动词不定式还可以用在作表语用的形容词(或过去分词)后面作状语，说明产生这种情绪的原 因或是在哪方面存在谓语所表示的情况等。可用于这类结构的形容词和过去分词有：happy, lucky, fortunate, unfortunate, pained, ashamed, surprised, grieved, frightened, shocked, sorry, glad, delighted, able, unable, destined, apt, willing, unwilling, worthy, eager, proud, disappointed, angry, right, anxious, content, impatient , fit, ready, clever, unwise, naughty, quick, slow, prompt, foolish, rude, thoughtless, (in) considerate, cruel, wrong 等。例如： George was anxious to get home. 乔治急于回家。 I an very pleased to have been of help. 帮上了忙我很高兴。 He was surprised to see them there. 看到他们在那儿，他感到惊奇。 He was fortunate to escape being injured. 他没受伤真是幸运。 Tom was stupid to believe that. 汤姆连那一点都相信真是愚蠢。 These shoes are not fit to wear. 这些鞋子穿起来不合适。 Tom isn't able to go to the party. 汤姆不能去参加聚会。

Answer 2

不定式是比较常用的一种，下面笔者谈一谈初中学生如何学好动词不定式。一、首先要弄清楚它的基本形式即to＋动词原形。强调只有后面跟了动词原形才可以叫不定式。如果后面跟的不是动词原形。例如：go to America，to是介词。二、其次要掌握它的功能。动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词等特征，故在句中可以担任六大成分----主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。1.作主语。例如：To learn English is not an easy thing.注意，有时为了使保持句子平衡，可用it作形式主语。如上面句子可写成：It isn't an easy thing to learn English.2.作宾语。例如：He wants to visit Nanjing.动词stop, forget, remember, try, go on, need等动词后既可接to do sth.也可跟doing sth.但意思完全不一样。例如：stop to do sth.停下原来的事去干某事stop doing sth.停止(正在)干的事 After class the students stopped to have a rest.课后，同学们停下来去休息。When the teacher came in,the students stopped talking.当老师进来时，同学们停止交谈。forget to do sth.忘记去干某事forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事Don't forget to tell him the news.别忘记告诉他这个消息。I forgot telling him the news.我忘了已经告诉他这个消息了。remember to do sth.记住要做某事。remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事。Please remember to turn off the lights.请记住关灯。I remember turning off the lights.我记得关了灯。go on to do sth.接着去做另一件事go on doing sth继续做原来的一件事He went on to write after he finished reading.他读完了又继续写。He went on doing his homework all day.他整天都在做作业。3.作表语(解释主语的内容)。例如：His wish is to become a doctor. 4.作定语(修饰前面的名词或代词即n./pron.＋to不定式往往用在there be 及have/has句型中)。例如：Mary has a lot of work to do.5.作状语可表示1目的。可加(in order)to 相当于so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句。2结果。常用于too--to/enough to句型中，相当于so--that引导的结果状语从句。3原因。例如：He studies hard to go to college.(目的)(=He studies hard in order to go to college.=He studies hard so that he can go to college.)He is too young to go to school.(结果)(=He is so young that he can't go to school.)He is old enough to join the army.(结果)(=he is so old that he can join the army.)He came to see me yesterday.(目的)I'm glad to see you.(原因)6.作宾补，不定式作宾语补足语主要用在下列词组中：A类：ask/tell/want/order sb.to do sth.He asked me to help him with English.B类：see/wathc/notice/feel/hear(感觉动词) sb.do sth.make/let/have(使让动词)此类动词不带to，但在被动语态中原来省去to的要加上。例如：Do you often hear Mary sing in her room? (被动语态)Is mary often heard to sing in her room?The boss made the workers work 10 hours a day.(被动语态)The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.三、了解几种特殊形式不定式否定：即在to前加not。例如：Our teacher tells us not to talk in class.不定式被动式：to be done。例如：The room seemed to be cleaned不定式进行式：to be doing。例如：He pretended to be sleeping.不定式完成式：to have done。例如：He seemed to have done it.不定式复合结构：即to前加fro sb.例如：It is important for us to learn English.疑问词＋to不定式可作主语、表语和宾语。总之，当你掌握了不定式的含义，吃透了它的功能，了解了它的几种特殊形式后，会感觉到不定式并不那么难学了。

Answer 3

I hope to learn englishi well.

Answer 4

动词不定式的用法动词不定式(to do)是初中英语课本中的一个重点，也是中考必考查的一个项目。下面我们对动词不定式做一简要归纳，以帮助同学们学习和参考。
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)。其否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。它属于一种非谓语动词的形式，在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但它可以保留动词的性质，其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛，在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语
（1）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常常用单数。例如：
To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。
To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。
（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置。例如：
It took me half an hour to walk there．我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
It’s important for us to learn English well．对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。
二、作宾语
（1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有 ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及 would like/love 等动词，但 finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。例如：
I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再度访问此地。
She enjoys reading very much．她非常喜欢读书。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
（2）动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。例如：
I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务。
I found it difficult to see him here. 我发现在这里见到他是很难的。
三、作补足语
（1）某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；在被动式中，由于原来的宾语变成了主语，故原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。这类动词常用的有 consider, expect, tell, want, warn, wish，invite等。例如：
They told him not to be late again.他们告诉他不要再迟到了。→He was told not to be late again.
She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday．昨天她请我一起进餐。
（2）在feel（一感），listen to，hear（二听），let，make，have（三让），look at，see，watch，notice（四看）等词之后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，强调动作的完成过程；它们作被动句的谓语时，to要补上。如：
I heard her sing today．She sang wonderfully．今天我听见她唱歌了，她唱得非常精彩。
She was heard to sing today．今天有人听见她唱歌了。
　 She is often heard to sing this song（by us）．我们经常听见她唱这首歌。
四、作状语
⑴动词不定式作状语可表示目的、原因及结果等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，因此动词不定式作状语往往用主动式。例如：
Come to see me again soon. 尽快再来看我。
I trembled to think of it. 我一想到那件事就不寒而栗。
You couldn't do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己也不能那样做。
(2) only to do sth. 与 only doing sth. 都可作表示结果的状语，区别是：only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果, 或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作；only doing sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。例如：
I worked hard, only to fail at last. 我努力工作,结果最后却是失败。
He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了,只留下一身债
五、作表语
（1）动词不定式往往放在系动词be（，become, sound, taste 等系动词后面一般不接不定式）的后面作表语，表示将来的情况，说明主语的内容。例如：
My wish is to become a teacher．我的愿望是当一名教师。
Your job today is to clean the playground. 你今天的工作是打扫操场。
（2）如果系动词后的动词说明主语的性质，特征，相当于形容词。这时就要用现在分词作表语，而不用不定式。例如：
He said that the story was interesting．他说这则故事很有趣。
六、作定语
（1）动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式；如果动词不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，该动词不定式要用被动式。例如：
Do you have anything to do tonight? 你今晚有什么事要做吗?
I am going to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there? 明天我要去上海。你有什么东西要捎去的吗?
（2）动词不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作，如果动作已发生或正在发生，一般用现在分词作定语。例如：
I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。
The man standing there is Li Ming. 站在那里的那个人是李明。
　 七、和疑问词连用：
不定式前可用what，who，which，where，when，how，why等疑问词构成不定式短语，这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
（1）作主语。例如：
When to start has not been decided. 什么时候出发还没定下来。
（2）作表语。例如：
The question is how to do the job well. 问题是怎样做好这项工作。
（3）作宾语。例如：
He told me where to find the book. 他告诉我了在哪找到这本书的。
Do you know how to play football? 你知道怎样踢足球吗？
八、不定式的被动式
在初中阶段还涉及到动词不定式被动式的一般式，这种形式是由“to be+动词过去分词”构成的，表示“被……”之意。例如：
　 There are twenty more trees to be planted. 有更多的树要栽种。