A能连续被氧化,则A是醇,B是醛,C是羧酸,C能发生银镜反应,则C是甲酸或二甲酸,X水解生成C和D,且X中只含2个氧原子,所以C是HCOOH,B是HCHO,A是CH
3OH;
D能与新制氢氧化铜反应,说明D中含有醛基,E遇FeCl
3溶液显色,说明E中含有酚羟基,由于在稀碱溶液中,连在苯环上的溴原子不易发生水解,说明X中酯基为甲酸与酚形成的,即存在HCOO-,两个羟基同时连在同一碳原子上的结构是不稳定,会发生脱水反应,说明存在-CHBr
2,芳香族化合物X,其苯环上的一溴代物只有一种,说明X中苯环上只有一类氢原子,其核磁共振氢谱图中有四个吸收峰,说明含有4种氢原子,吸收峰的面积比为1:2:6:1,可以确定X含有2个甲基,结合E能与能与浓溴水反应,故HCOO-基团的邻、对位位置有H原子,综上分析可推知X的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4afbfbedab64034f6b9628b7acc379310a551d23?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,X水解然后酸化得D,D的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0b55b319ebc4b74558cf5da7ccfc1e178a821523?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,D被氧化生成E,E的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/50da81cb39dbb6fdab190f970a24ab18962b37c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,E和氢气发生加成反应生成F,F的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/34fae6cd7b899e510cd5d0a541a7d933c8950d23?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,F发生缩聚反应生成G,G的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4610b912c8fcc3ce2b8223829145d688d53f20c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,H能使溴水褪色,应是F在浓硫酸、加热条件下发生消去反应生成H,故H为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b812c8fcc3cec3fd157c4dc4d588d43f869427c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,H能发生加聚反应生成I,I的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/79f0f736afc379311d336c98e8c4b74543a91123?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
(1)X为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4afbfbedab64034f6b9628b7acc379310a551d23?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,含有官能团是:酯基、溴原子;C的结构简式为HCOOH,
故答案为:酯基、溴原子;HCOOH;
(2)由上述分析可知,I的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/79f0f736afc379311d336c98e8c4b74543a91123?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/79f0f736afc379311d336c98e8c4b74543a91123?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(3)E的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/50da81cb39dbb6fdab190f970a24ab18962b37c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
a.E含有酚羟基和甲基,能发生取代反应,故不选;
b.E不能发生消去反应,故选;
c.E是有机物能氧化反应,且酚羟基易被氧化,故不选;
d.羧基能和碳酸氢钠反应,所以1molE最多能与1molNaHCO
3反应,故选;
故答案为:bd;
(4)C为HCOOH,D为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0b55b319ebc4b74558cf5da7ccfc1e178a821523?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,只用一种试剂鉴别C和D,该试剂是碳酸氢钠溶液等,
故答案为:碳酸氢钠溶液;
(5)①F→H的化学反应方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/ac6eddc451da81cbcea4697c5166d016082431c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
②X与足量稀NaOH溶液共热反应方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/cefc1e178a82b9016bf62982708da9773912ef2c?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/ac6eddc451da81cbcea4697c5166d016082431c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/cefc1e178a82b9016bf62982708da9773912ef2c?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(6)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/50da81cb39dbb6fdab190f970a24ab18962b37c5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
同分异构体同时符合下列条件:
b、不能发生水解反应,没有酯基,c、遇FeCl
3溶液不显色,说明不含酚羟基,d、1mol 该同分异构体最多能分别与1mol NaOH和2mol Na反应,含有1个-OH、1个-COOH,a、苯环上的一氯代物有两种,苯环上有2种H原子,应含有2个取代基且处于对位,符合条件的同分异构体有:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/d1160924ab18972b2a78ea7be5cd7b899f510ac5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,共有4种,
故答案为:4;
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/d1160924ab18972b2a78ea7be5cd7b899f510ac5?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
任意一种.