同位语从句和定语从句怎么区别? 名词性从句定语从句状语从句那种是...

同位语从句和定语从句怎么区别?
名词性从句定语从句状语从句那种是句子缺成分的
有没有关于复合句的解析练习最好付答案~

1. 从意思上说:同位语是对前面先行词的解释。而定语从句是用来修饰先行词的。
2. 从句子结构来看,同位语从句引导词the的前后两句是完整的句子,如I am glad at the news that I have passed the exam. (the仅仅起引导作用,在后面的句子中不充当成分)
而定语从句的引导词在从句中是要充当句子成分的,去掉引导词The,that,who,when等,从句就不是完整的了,如 I am glad at the news that he told me. (the在从句中做tell的宾语)。

相信我这个专业的答案一定可以给你清晰的解释的^_^
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第1个回答  2012-03-07
最简单的方法: 看从句前的引导词在从句中是否做成分。

引导词充当从句成分,则是定语从句, 引导词作宾语时可以省略。

不做句子成分,则是同位语从句,引导词虽不做成分,但不能省略。

比较:
The news that he has won the first prize makes us excited.
that he has won the first prize 此句主he 谓 has won 宾 the first prize都有,故that不充当成分,此句是同位语从句。
The news that he told us made us excited.
that he told us 此句 主 he 谓 told , 接双宾us 以及前面的引导词that ,故此句是宾语从句。

另外,在关系代词方面,非限制性定语从句不能用that引导,其余情况与限制性定语从句的引导词相同。
如:
指人: who , whom
指物: which
表示“....的”/ 所属关系 whose

状语从句 顾名思义, 一个句子充当主句的状语 则是状语从句。
如:
When the teacher came in, the students were talking .
When the teacher came in做主句谓语 were talking 的时间状语,所以是状语从句。
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