留学生如何培养自己的写作风格?

如题所述

  每个人在写essay的时候都有不同的写作风格,但小编觉得,总的来说,它应该力求准确和客观。例如,像“我”和成语(即非正式的语言)这样的人称代词的使用频率要低于其他类型的书写。留学生们应该在自己的学科领域学习essay写作的例子,并且努力发展自己的“声音”。


  Academic Style


  研究下面这一段,poor style的表达。


  How to make people work harder is a topic that lots of people have written about in the last few years.There are lots of different theories etc and I think some of them are ok.When we think about this we should remember the old Chinese proverb,that you can lead a horse to water but you can’t make it drink.So how do we increase production?It’s quite a complex subject but I’ll just talk about a couple of ideas.


  这段话可以用更合适的style改写:


  Motivation has been the subject of numerous studies during recent decades,but this essay will focus on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory(1943)and Herzberg’s two-factor theory(1966).Their contemporary relevance to the need to motivate employees effectively will be examined critically,given that this can be considered crucial to a firm’s survival in the current economic climate.


  Guidelines


  对于所有的情况,以及所有的学科,都没有适用于学术风格的规则。下面的guidelines可以帮助你形成自己的风格。


  (a)不要使用习惯用语或口语词汇:kids,boss.Instead use standard English:children,manager。


  (b)准确地使用词汇。rule和law,或者weather和climate之间有区别,如果你研究这些主题,你就会知道它们是什么。


  (c)在处理事实或数据时尽可能的精确。避免像a hundred或hundreds of years ago那样的短语。如果有必要估计数字,使用approximately而不是about。


  (d)结论应该使用试探性的语言。避免像unemployment causes crime。相反,使用谨慎的短语:unemployment may cause crime或tends to cause crime。


  (e)避免显示你的个人态度的副词:luckily,remarkably,surprisingly。


  (f)不要收缩动词形式:don’t,can’t。使用完整的形式:do not,cannot。


  (g)虽然学术英语倾向于使用被动语态,而不是标准英语,但它不应该被过度使用。两者都是需要的。比较:


  Galileo discovered the moons of Jupiter.


  The moons of Jupiter were discovered by Galileo.


  在第一种情况下,重点是伽利略,在第二种被动语态中,重点是卫星。


  (h)避免以下内容:


  like for introducing examples.Use such as or for instance.


  thing and combinations nothing or something.Use factor,issue or topic.


  lots of.Use a significant/considerable number.


  little/big.Use small/large.


  ‘get’phrases such as get better/worse.Use improve and deteriorate.


  good/bad are simplistic.Use positive/negative(e.g.the changes had several positive aspects).


  (i)不使用诸如Why did war break out in 1914?Instead,use statements:


  There were three reasons for the outbreak of war...


  (j)避免在你的文章中编号,除了报告和长文章。使用连接词和符号表达来介绍新的部分(Turning to the question of detecting cancer...).


  (k)在写列表时,避免使用etc.或者and so on。在最后一项:The main products were pharmaceuticals,electronic goods and confectionery.。


  (l)避免使用两个词动词,如“as go on”或“bring up”。使用continue或raise。


  小编分享的以上的内容对于留学生的essay写作风格形成有一定的帮助,值得同学们收藏!

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