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Question

Pieces of lemon were placed on soil at different places and after a few days fungal growth appeared in each piece of lemon. The spores from each piece were transferred separately into PDA plates and incubated at 30℃. After 2 days growth appeared in each plate.Spore suspensions were prepared from each plate
separately, diluted suitably, streaked on other PDA plates and incubated at 30℃ for 2 days. Spores from single isolated colonies were taken from each plate,transferred aseptically to PDA slants and incubated at 30℃ for 2 days. In all 400 isolates were obtained and stored at 4℃.
Filter paper disks in Petri dishes were sterilised and soaked with sterilised sucrose based medium containing universal indicator solution of the pH range 1-10.5.
Petri dishes were inoculated with spores of different isolates and incubated at 30℃for 3 days. Acid producing strains were detected by the formation of coloured (pink) zone around the colony. Zone diameter was taken as a criterion of good acid producing ability of isolates. Of these acid producers, citric acid producing
strains were identified by cultivating on bagasse moistened with sucrose based medium in 250 ml flasks for 8 days. Fermented material was extracted using distilled water and citric acid was estimated in extracts. Of these isolates, A. niger DS 1 was found to be the best citric acid producer and therefore selected for further work.

Answer 1

Pieces of lemon were placed on soil at different places and after a few days fungal growth appeared in each piece of lemon. The spores from each piece were transferred separately into PDA plates and incubated at 30℃. After 2 days growth appeared in each plate.Spore suspensions were prepared from each plate
separately, diluted suitably, streaked on other PDA plates and incubated at 30℃ for 2 days. Spores from single isolated colonies were taken from each plate,transferred aseptically to PDA slants and incubated at 30℃ for 2 days. In all 400 isolates were obtained and stored at 4℃.
Filter paper disks in Petri dishes were sterilised and soaked with sterilised sucrose based medium containing universal indicator solution of the pH range 1-10.5.
Petri dishes were inoculated with spores of different isolates and incubated at 30℃for 3 days. Acid producing strains were detected by the formation of coloured (pink) zone around the colony. Zone diameter was taken as a criterion of good acid producing ability of isolates. Of these acid producers, citric acid producing
strains were identified by cultivating on bagasse moistened with sucrose based medium in 250 ml flasks for 8 days. Fermented material was extracted using distilled water and citric acid was estimated in extracts. Of these isolates, A. niger DS 1 was found to be the best citric acid producer and therefore selected for further work.
被放置在一片柠檬土壤在不同的地方和几天后霉菌生长出现在每一片柠檬。从每一件小孢子被转移到PDA板及孵化分别在30℃。在2天增长出现在每个板块。孢子停赛,制备了每个板块
另外,稀释飞速配合,其他的个人数字助理(PDA)30℃板及孵化了2天。芽孢殖民地的单独来自每个板块、转让无菌的PDA偏及孵化30℃了2天。在所有的400隔离储存在得到4℃。
滤纸磁盘存放在皮氏培养皿中被无菌和浸湿基础中含有普遍无菌蔗糖溶液的酸碱度范围指标1-10.5。
皮氏培养皿中被注射的孢子菌及孵化不同30℃为3天。酸生产菌株的形成探测到区域(淡红色),颜色在殖民地。区域被视作一个直径的标准生产能力有良好的耐酸性的人们隔离。这些酸生产者、柠檬酸制作
经株培养在今后蔗渣滋润中蔗糖以250毫升的培养皿8天。发酵提取出来材料蒸馏水和柠檬酸估计提取物。这些将a尼日尔DS 1是发现最好的柠檬酸制作人,因此选择进一步的工作。

Answer 2

在来自不同地方的土壤上放置柠檬切片，几天后每片柠檬上都会出现霉菌。将每片柠檬上面的霉菌孢子分别转移到PDA（机率分布分析器）皿上并在30℃下培养。2天之后每个培养皿里的孢子都出现了增长。分别停止每个培养皿里孢子的增长，加以适当的稀释，然后在新的培养皿上铺成带状，在30℃下培养2天。从每个培养皿中取出单独隔离菌落的孢子，无菌地转移到PDA斜面皿并在30℃下培养2天。总共获得400个隔离菌落并在4℃下储藏。培养皿里面的滤纸片是无菌的，且在灭菌的含蔗糖的pH值范围1-10.5通用指示剂溶液中浸泡。不同菌落的孢子放到培养皿里面嫁接，并在30℃下储藏3天。产酸的菌株通过菌落周围颜色（粉色）的形成被检测出来。区域直径被用于衡量菌落产酸能力的标准。在这些产酸菌株当中，产柠檬酸的菌株通过在250毫升的长颈瓶中以蔗糖为主要介质的蔗渣里培养8天后鉴定出来。发酵材料用蒸馏水提取，柠檬酸估计在提取液里面。这些菌落里面，提取液中一种曲霉DS1被发现是最好的产柠檬酸菌株，因此被选为今后的研究课题。本回答被提问者采纳

Answer 3

被放置在一片柠檬土壤在不同的地方和几天后霉菌生长出现在每一片柠檬。从每一件小孢子被转移到PDA板及孵化分别在30℃。在2天增长出现在每个板块。孢子停赛,制备了每个板块
另外,稀释飞速配合,其他的个人数字助理(PDA)30℃板及孵化了2天。芽孢殖民地的单独来自每个板块、转让无菌的PDA偏及孵化30℃了2天。在所有的400隔离储存在得到4℃。
滤纸磁盘存放在皮氏培养皿中被无菌和浸湿基础中含有普遍无菌蔗糖溶液的酸碱度范围指标1-10.5。
皮氏培养皿中被注射的孢子菌及孵化不同30℃为3天。酸生产菌株的形成探测到区域(淡红色),颜色在殖民地。区域被视作一个直径的标准生产能力有良好的耐酸性的人们隔离。这些酸生产者、柠檬酸制作
经株培养在今后蔗渣滋润中蔗糖以250毫升的培养皿8天。发酵提取出来材料蒸馏水和柠檬酸估计提取物。这些将a尼日尔DS 1是发现最好的柠檬酸制作人,因此选择进一步的工作。