直接引语转换成间接引语“闯五关”
第一关：人称代词与指示代词 直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称代词和指示代词的变化。要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化，并使句子的意思前后一致。如：
“You should be careful next time，”my father said to me.→My father told me that I should be careful next time.
Tom said to me, “ I can help you with your English.”—Tom told me that he could help me with my English.
He said, “This book isn’t mine.”→He said that book wasn’t his.
人称
人称的变化——“一主、二宾、三不变”。 意为在改为间接引语时，直接引语里的第一人称照主句的主语变化。第二人称看主语的宾语而变化，第三人称无需变化。
试比较：
Tom said to Kate , "Are you going there with me?" Tom ask kate if she was going with him.
第一人称me随主语Tom变化为him,，第二人称you随Kate变化为she。
kate said to Tom , "Are you going there with me?" Kate ask Tom if he was going with her.
第一人称me随主语Kate变化为her,第二人称you随宾语Tom变成he。
I said to Tom , "Are you going there with me?" i ask Tom if he was going with me.
第一人称me随主语I 变化，第二人称you随Tom变化为he
第二关：引导词
1. 如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要用连词that来引导。
如： She said, “I’m very glad to have such a chance.” →She said that she was very glad to have such a chance.
2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。
如： He asked me, “Do you like the film?”→He asked me if/whether I liked the film.
3. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用相应的疑问词引导。
如： My sister asked me, “What are you doing?”→My sister asked me what I was doing.
第三关：时间状语和地点状语
直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的变化。
如把now改为then, today改为that day, yesterday改为the day before, ago改为before, tomorrow改为the next day, here改为there等。
如： He said, “I’ll go there today.”→He said that he would go there that day.
注意： 如果当地转述，here不必改为there,动词come 不用改成go,如果当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow也不用改变。
Kate said," I will come here tomorrow to help these children with their English."
Kate said that she would go there the next day to help those student with their English.
Kate said that shewill come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.（在当天当地转述）
第四关：时态的变化
直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为现在（或将来）时态，间接引语的时态不变；如果主句为过去时态，间接引语中的谓语动词也要相应地用过去时态。
如： 1. He says, “I am going to Beijing tomorrow.”→He says that he is going to Beijing tomorrow.
2. She said to me, “Li Ping will come tomorrow.”→She told me that Li Ping would come the next day.
温馨提示：如果转述的内容是客观真理时，自然现象或是谚语、格言时态不变。
第五关：句子结构的变化
直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语要用陈述句的语序。引导词要放在间接引语的最前面，接下来按“主谓宾”顺序排列。
即：直接引语转换成间接引语时用陈述语序
He asked Mike, “Where did you go?”→He asked Mike where he had gone.
C． 祈使句的间接引语
1．直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾来表示，其结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词不定式）。引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词，句中please去掉。
She said to me, Please have a rest. 她对我说：请休息一下。 → She asked me to have a rest. 她要求我休息一下。
Don't all answer at once, she said to the pupils. 她对学生说：大家不要齐声回答。→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once. 她叫学生不要齐声回答。
2．带有let的祈使句（表示请求，建议或命令），可用suggest + -ing形式或suggest +that从句来表示其相应的意思。
Let's go for a walk, said the girl. 那姑娘说，让我们去散散步吧。 → The girl suggested going for a walk. 这女孩建议去散散步。
The teacher sai, Let Lily tidy the classroom. 老师说：让莉莉整理教室。 → The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom. 老师建议让莉莉整理教室。
D．感叹句的间接引语
1．直接引语是感叹句变为间接引语时，多采用宾语从句结构，既可用what或how引导，也可用that引导。 What a clever boy you are!my teacher said to him. 老师对他说，你是个聪明的孩子啊！
→ My teacher told him what a clever boy he was. 老师对他说他是一个多聪明的孩子啊。 → My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy. 老师说他是一个非常聪明的孩子。
He said, How well you look! 他说：你看起来气色多好啊！ → He said how well I looked. 他说我看起来是气色多好啊。 → He said that I ooked very well. 他说我看起来气色很好。
2．有些感叹句可以根据原句的意思，采用适当的动词变为陈述句，不需用间接宾语来转述。 Help! he cried. 他喊到：救命啊！ → He called for help. 他大声呼救。
What terrible weather it is!he said. 他说：多么糟糕的天气！ → He complained about the terrible weather. 他抱怨这糟糕的天气。
Happy Chrismas! he said. 他说：圣诞快乐！ He wished me a happy Christmas. 他祝我圣诞快乐。
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