1、would rather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。
2、would as soon与从句连用时,从句的谓语用过去式,表明是虚拟语气。
3、would sooner本意是“愿意尽早”,也就是“宁可/宁愿”,和would rather或had rather表达的是同一意思。
4、would prefer如果从句动作发生在过去,从句使用过去完成时即had done。
would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况,表示希望或婉转的责备。
例如:
I’d rather you posted the letter right away.
我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.
我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.
我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
(1)在某些动词后面所跟的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,用于表示“建议、命令、要求”等。这时从句中谓语动词的形式为“should +动词原形”,should可省略。
常见此类动词有:determine,decide,order,command,insist,intend,move,prefer,propose,advise,recommend,suggest,ask , request,require,urge,demand,desire,direct等。
He insisted that the meeting (should) be put off.
他要求推迟那个会议。
They proposed that all the plans(should) be discussed at the meeting.
他们建议所有的计划都应该在会议上讨论。
(2)在以it为形式宾语的宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。
在表示“看法”的动词consider,deem,think等后以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中应用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为“should +动词原形”,should可以省略。
We think it advisable that he (should) think deeply before acting.
我们认为他在行动之前好好考虑一下是明智的。
I consider it necessary that a meeting (should)be put into practice right away.
董事会认为这些规定应马上实施。
(3)动词wish后宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法
在wish后面的宾语从句中,谓语用动词的过去式表示对现在情况的假设;谓语用动词的过去完成时表示对过去情况的假设;谓语用“would/could/might +动词原形”的形式表示对将来情况的假设。
I wish it were spring now.
我希望现在是春天。
I wish I could have been there last year.
我要是去年去过那里就好了。