美国的圣诞节的习俗(中英文翻译)

急,一定要有英文啊!!!快,明天就完了
短一点啊~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

圣诞节由来——中英文版

“圣诞节”这个名称是“***弥撒”的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。耶诞节是一个宗节我们把它当作耶苏的诞辰来庆祝,因而又名耶诞节。这一天,世界所有的***教会都举行特别的礼拜仪式。但是有很多圣诞节的欢庆活动和宗教并无半点关联。交换礼物,寄圣诞卡,这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子。

圣诞节是***教世界最大的节日。4世纪初,1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念那稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”Epiphany,亦称“显现节”即上帝通过那稣向世人显示自己。当时只有那路拉冷的教会例外,那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念那稣的受洗。后来历史学家们在罗马***徒习用的日历中发现公元354年12月25日页内记录着:“***降生在犹大的伯利恒。”经过研究,一般认为12月25日伴为圣诞节可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会)约在公元375年传到小亚细亚的安提阿,公元430年传到埃及的亚历山大里亚,那路撒冷的教会接受得最晚,而亚美尼亚的教会则仍然坚持1月6日主显节是那稣的诞辰。

12月25日原来是波斯太阳神(即光明之神)密特拉(Mithra)的诞辰,是一个异教徒节日,同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一。这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节,崇拜太阳神的异教徒都把这一天当作春天的希望,万物复苏的开始。可能由于这个原因,罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节。这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯***教化的措施之一。

后来,虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节,但又固各地教会使用的历书不同,具体日期不能统一,于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期(Christmas
Tide),各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。自从12月25日被大多数教会公认为圣诞节后,原来1月6日的主显节就只纪念耶稣受洗了,但天主教会又把1月6日定为“三王来朝节”,以纪念耶稣生时东方三王(即三位博士)来朝拜的故事。随着***教的广泛传播,圣诞节已成为各教派***徒,甚至广大非***徒群众的一个重要节日。在欧美许多国家里,人们非常重视这个节日,把它和新年连在一起,而庆祝活动之热闹与隆重大大超过了新年,成为一个全民的节日。12月25日的主要纪念活动都与那稣降生的传说有关。

耶苏的出生是有一段故事的,耶苏是因着圣灵成孕,由童女马利亚所生的。神更派遣使者加伯列在梦中晓谕约瑟,叫他不要因为马利亚未婚怀孕而不要她,反而要与她成亲,把那孩子起名为“耶苏”,意思是要他把百姓从罪恶中救出来。

当马利亚快要临盆的时候,罗马政府下了命令,全部人民到伯利恒务必申报户籍。约瑟和马利亚只好遵命。他们到达伯利恒时,天色已昏,无奈两人未能找到旅馆渡宿,只有一个马棚可以暂住。就在这时,耶苏要出生了!於是马利亚唯有在马槽上,生下耶苏。后人为纪念耶苏的诞生,便定十二月二十五为圣诞节,年年望弥撒,纪念耶苏的出世。

圣诞节便是於十二月二十五日纪念耶苏的诞生,但真实的诞生日就没有人知道了。十九世纪,圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现,圣诞节也开始流行起来了。

Origin of Christmas

The name Christmas is short for 'Christ's Mass'. A Mass is a kind of
Church service. Christmas is a religious festival. It is the day we celebrate
as the birthday of Jesus.

There are special Christmas services in Christian churches all over the
world. But many of the festivities of Christmas do not have anything to
do with religion. Exchanging gifts and sending Christmas cards are the
modern ways of celebrating the Christmas in the orld.

The birth of Jesus had a story: In Nazareth, a city of Galilee. The virgin's
name was Mary was betrothed to Joseph. Before they came together, she was
found with child of the Holy Spirit. Joseph her husband was minded to put
her away secretly. While he thought about these things, Gabriel, an angel
of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and told him did not be afraid to
take Mary as wife. And Mary will bring forth a Son, and he shall call his
name, Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.

Before Jesus births, Joseph and Mary came to Quintus was governing Syria.
So all went to be registered, everyone to his own city. Joseph also went
up out of Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city
of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and of
the lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed wife, who
was with child. So it was that while they were there, the days were completed
for her to be delivered. And she brought forth her firstborn Son, and wrapped
him in swaddling cloths, and laid him in a manger, because there was no
room for them in the inn.

And that, Christmas is the feast of the nativity of Jesus, is on 25th,
December every year. But nobody know the actual birthday of Jesus. And
the Christmas has become popular when Christmas cards appeared in 1846
and the concept of a jolly Santa Claus was first made popular in nineteenth
Century.
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第1个回答  推荐于2017-11-25
法国法国中部的色日尔斯地方,每年圣诞节前后几天必降大雪,白雪皑皑,令人清新。在西方人眼里,白色圣诞是一种吉祥。在法国,马槽是最富有特色的圣诞标志,因为相传耶稣是诞生在马槽旁的。人们大唱颂赞耶稣的圣诞歌之后,必须开怀畅饮,香槟和白兰地是法国传统的圣诞美酒。
Middle the French France's color date you the Si place, Christmas dayaround several days must fall the heavy snow every year, snow gleamswhite, are fresh. In the western person eye, the white Christmas isone kind of propitious. In France, the manger is the richestcharacteristic Christmas symbolized, because hands down Jesus is thebirth nearby the manger. After the people loudly sing Jesus'sChristmas song, must drink to one's heart's content, the champagne andthe brandy are the French tradition Christmas good wine.本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2007-12-16
各国圣诞节习俗:

法国法国中部的色日尔斯地方,每年圣诞节前后几天必降大雪,白雪皑皑,令人清新。在西方人眼里,白色圣诞是一种吉祥。在法国,马槽是最富有特色的圣诞标志,因为相传耶稣是诞生在马槽旁的。人们大唱颂赞耶稣的圣诞歌之后,必须开怀畅饮,香槟和白兰地是法国传统的圣诞美酒。

芬兰芬兰在12月圣诞节前后,漫山遍野都是怒放的紫罗兰,掩映在白色的大地上,望去一片紫红色,紫色圣诞使人心旷神怡。

英国和德国英国人和德国人一样,圣诞节喝啤酒,吃烤鹅,他们更喜欢利用圣诞节假日外出旅游。

美国美国人过圣诞节着重家庭布置,安置圣诞树,在袜子中塞满礼物,吃以火鸡为主的圣诞大菜,举行家庭舞会。

瑞士瑞士人在圣诞节前4个星期,就将4支巨型的蜡烛点燃,放在由树枝装饰成的一个环里,每周点1支,当点燃第4支后,圣诞节就到了。

丹麦丹麦人对不合意的圣诞礼物,可去商店兑换价格相似的其他商品。

澳大利亚澳大利亚是南半球的国家之一。12月底,正当西欧各国在寒风呼啸中欢度圣诞节时,澳大利亚正是热不可耐的仲夏时节。因此在澳大利亚过圣诞节,到处可以看见光着上身汗水涔涔的小伙子和穿超短裙的姑娘,与商店橱窗里精心布置的冬日雪景、挂满雪花的圣诞树和穿红棉袄的圣诞老人,构成澳大利亚特有的节日图景。这种酷暑和严冬景象的强烈对比,恐怕在西方国家是独一无二的。父母给子女最好的圣诞礼物,莫过于一副小水划。圣诞节弄潮是澳大利亚的一大特征。节日晚上,带着饮料到森林里举行“巴别居”野餐。人们用石头垒的露天灶中用枯树枝生火、上面架一块铁板,把香肠、牛肉、鲜鱼等放上去煎。吃饱喝足后,就跳起“迪斯科”或“袋鼠舞”,一直闹到深夜才结束。喝醉了的,便往草地上一躺,在如雷的鼾声中迎接圣诞老人的莅临。

波兰在波兰每年12月25日、26日举行,家家户户都要装饰圣诞树,大街小巷都有圣诞树上的装饰品出卖。节日里亲友之间相互祝贺,互赠礼品,表示友好。晚间吃饭时桌布下边要放一些草,以示耶稣的降生。晚饭很丰富,但不能吃肉。夜间12时后,全家去教堂礼拜。圣诞节期间,一般不到别人家中做客,但主人盛情邀请者例外。

保加利亚据保加利亚的历法,圣诞节是灵魂出没、妖邪猖狂的日子。因此,人们要借助火来驱妖镇邪。圣诞节前夜,家家都燃起火堆,一直燃到天亮,不得熄灭,否则会招来横祸。由男人取圣诞木点火进屋并高声念道:“圣诞节降临,牛、羊、猪、马长满圈,麦苗出满垅,人人走好运。”在屋里等候的人则齐声回答:“阿门!”

Various countries Christmas day custom:

Middle the French France's color date you the Si place, Christmas dayaround several days must fall the heavy snow every year, snow gleamswhite, are fresh. In the western person eye, the white Christmas isone kind of propitious. In France, the manger is the richestcharacteristic Christmas symbolized, because hands down Jesus is thebirth nearby the manger. After the people loudly sing 颂赞 Jesus'sChristmas song, must drink to one's heart's content, the champagne andthe brandy are the French tradition Christmas good wine.

The Finnish Finland around December Christmas day, all is the violetall over the mountains and plains which is in full bloom, complementson the white earth, looks a piece of purple red, the purple Christmascauses the person completely relaxedly.

English and the German English and the German are same, Christmas daydrinks the beer, eats roasts the goose, they like using the Christmasday holiday egressing the traveling.

The American American Christmas day emphatically family arrangement,the placement Christmas tree, has crowded the gift in the sock, eatsby the turkey primarily Christmas main dish, holds the family danceparty.

The Swiss Swisses in the Christmas day first 4 weeks, light 4 giantcandles, put on in a link which decorates by the branch, each weekselects 1, after lights 4th, Christmas day arrived.

The Danish Danes to do not gather Italian the Christmas gift, may goto the store exchange price similar other commodities.

The Australian Australia is one of southern hemisphere national. Atthe end of December, while the Western Europe various countries howlswhen the cold wind celebrates joyfully the Christmas day, Australia isprecisely the midsummer season which is hot cannot be borne. Thereforecrosses the Christmas day in Australia, the girl which everywhere maysee the light which upper body sweat to be streaminging the youngfellow and puts on the miniskirt, with the store display window in thecareful arrangement winter snowscape, the filled snowflake Christmastree and puts on the red cotton-wadded jacket Santa Claus, constitutesthe Australian unique holiday prospect. Perhaps this kind of intensesummer heat and the severe winter picture striking contrast, in thewestern nation is unique. The parents for the children the bestChristmas gift, not too urine delimit. Christmas day the sea bathingis an Australia's big characteristic. The holiday evening, brings thedrink to hold "Pakistan to the forest in not to occupy" the picnic.People in the open-air stove which build with the stone with the drybranch lights a fire, the above puts up a sheet iron, the sausage, thebeef, the fresh fish and so on puts fries. After 吃饱喝足, jumps"the disco dancing" or "the kangaroo dance", continuously makes to thelate at night only then finished. Has gotten drunk, then as soon aslies down toward the lawn on, greets Santa Claus in like the thundersnoring sound visiting.

Poland in Polish every year December 25, on 26th holds, each and everyfamily all must decorate the Christmas tree, the main street and smallalley all has on the Christmas tree the ornament to betray. In theholiday between the relatives and friends mutually congratulates, thegift, the expression is mutually friendly. In the evening eats mealwhen under the tablecloth the defensive point on the frontier putssome grasses, shows Jesus's being born. The dinner is very rich, butcannot eat the meat. After at night 12 o'clock, entire family goes tothe church week. Christmas day period, generally do not be a guest toothers in, but master great kindness invitation exception.

Bulgaria according to Bulgaria's calendar, Christmas day is the soulappears and disappears, the monster evil wild day. Therefore, thepeople must draw support from the fire to drive the monster town to beevil. Christmas day the eve, each family all ignite the fire ofhigh-piled firewood, continuously burns the dawn, does not have toextinguish, otherwise can incur comes the unexpected calamity. Takesthe Christmas wooden ignition by the man to enter the room and loud todiscuss that, "Christmas day arrives, the cow, the sheep, the pig, thehorse are covered with the circle, the young wheat leaves the fullhillock, everybody walks the good luck." The person waits for which inthe room answers in chorus: "Amen!"
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