求高人解答富马酸二甲酯的执行标准，安全说明书(MSDS)及生产工艺

Question

求高人解答富马酸二甲酯的执行标准，安全说明书(MSDS)及生产工艺

越详细越好，好的话在加分

在这跪谢了

Answer 1

富马酸二甲酯的执行标准： 1、“DMF”指化学品富马酸二甲酯，IUPAC（国际纯化学与应用化学联盟）名称为Dimethyl （E）-butenedioate，CAS（化学物质登记号）编号：624-49-7，EINECS（欧洲现有商用化学物质目录信息系统）编号：210-849-0。 2、“产品”指第2001/95/EC号指令第2（a）条中定义的任何产品； 3、“含有富马酸二甲酯的产品”指如下产品或产品零件： （i）声明了富马酸二甲酯的存在率，如在一个或多个小袋子上；或 （ii）富马酸二甲酯的浓度大于每公斤该产品或产品零件重量0.1毫克； 4、“投放市场”指第一次在共同体市场销售； 5、“在市场上销售”指在商业活动过程中提供用于在共同体市场上经销、消费或使用，不管是有偿还是无偿。 国家皮革质量监督检验中心（浙江）于2008年开始重点前瞻性研究应对这一技术性贸易措施的技术，于2008年下半年已经率先提供这一测试技术服务。2008年以来，欧洲相继发生中国皮革产品使用含DMF防霉剂疑致消费者过敏事件，主要涉及的产品包括椅子和鞋，2008年底法国、西班牙就禁止含有DMF的椅子进口，上月欧盟国家通过了禁止进口DMF的决定。
MSDS 不知道你是想要什么版本的MSDS， 一般要英文的多 ， 就给你你个英文吧 ， **** MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET ****

N,N-Dimethylformamide, for HPLC

**** SECTION 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION ****

MSDS Name: N,N-Dimethylformamide, for HPLC
Catalog Numbers:
27960-0000, 27960-0010, 27960-0025

**** SECTION 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS ****

+----------------+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+---------------+
| CAS# | Chemical Name | % | EINECS# |Haz Symbols| Risk Phrases |
|----------------|--------------------------------------|----------|-----------|-----------|---------------+
| 68-12-2 |N,N-Dimethylformamide, for HPLC | | 200-679-5 |||
+----------------+--------------------------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+---------------+
Hazard Symbols: T
Risk Phrases: 20/21 36

**** SECTION 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION ****

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. Irritating to eyes.
May cause harm to the unborn child.Toxic.Combustible liquid.

Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes eye irritation.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Substance is rapidly absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion:
Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and
diarrhea. May cause kidney damage. May cause liver damage.
Inhalation:
Harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation. May
cause effects similar to those described for ingestion.
Chronic:
Possible cancer hazard based on tests with laboratory animals.
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis.

**** SECTION 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES ****

Eyes:
Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes,
occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of
water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing
and shoes.
Ingestion:
Induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls
of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious
person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh
air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Notes to Physician:

**** SECTION 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES ****

General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in
pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full
protective gear. Will burn if involved in a fire.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Use foam, dry
chemical, or carbon dioxide.

**** SECTION 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES ****

General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated
in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth),
then place in suitable container. Do not flush into a sewer. Remove
all sources of ignition.

**** SECTION 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE ****

Handling:
Use only in a well-ventilated area. Use spark-proof tools and
explosion proof equipment. Avoid breathing dust, vapor, mist, or
gas. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Use only in a chemical fume
hood.
Storage:
Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry place.
Store in a tightly closed container.

**** SECTION 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION ****

Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped
with an eyewash facility and a safety shower.
Personal Protective Equipment

Eyes:
Wear safety glasses and chemical goggles if splashing
is possible.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin
exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize
contact with skin.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29
CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use
a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved
respirator when necessary.

**** SECTION 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ****

Physical State: Clear liquid
Color: APHA: 5 max
Odor: amine-like - faint odor
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: 4.9 mbar @ 20 C
Viscosity: 0.8 mPa s 20 deg C
Boiling Point: 153 deg C @ 760.00mm Hg
Freezing/Melting Point: -61 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: 445 deg C ( 833.00 deg F)
Flash Point: 58 deg C ( 136.40 deg F)
Explosion Limits, lower: 2.20 vol %
Explosion Limits, upper: 16.00 vol %
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: soluble in water
Specific Gravity/Density: .9450g/cm3
Molecular Formula: HCON(CH3)2
Molecular Weight: 73.09

**** SECTION 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY ****

Chemical Stability:
Stable.
Conditions to Avoid:
Stable., incompatible materials, ignition sources.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, halogenated agents,
nitrates, chloroformates.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

**** SECTION 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION ****

RTECS#:
CAS# 68-12-2: LQ2100000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 68-12-2: Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 9400 mg/m3/2H; Inhalation,
rat: LC50 = 3421 ppm/1H; Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 3421 ppm/3H;
Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 1948 ppm/4H; Oral, mouse: LD50 = 2900 mg/kg;
Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 5 gm/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 2800 mg/kg; Skin,
rabbit: LD50 = 4720 mg/kg; Skin, rat: LD50 = >3.2 gm/kg.
Skin, rat: LD50 = 5 gm/kg
Carcinogenicity:
N,N-Dimethylformamide, for HPLC -
Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP, or OSHA.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

**** SECTION 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION ****

Ecotoxicity:
Damage to fish: Gold oland test: 18 hrs LC50: 500 mg/l

**** SECTION 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS ****

Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

**** SECTION 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION ****

IATA
Shipping Name: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 2265
Packing Group: III
IMO
Shipping Name: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 2265
Packing Group: III
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 2265
Packing group: III
USA RQ:CAS# 68-12-2: 100 lb final RQ; 45.4 kg final RQ

**** SECTION 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION ****

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: T
Risk Phrases:
R 61 May cause harm to the unborn child.
R 20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with
skin.
R 36 Irritating to eyes.
Safety Phrases:
S 53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions
before use.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek
medical advice immediately (show the label where
possible).
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 68-12-2: 1
United Kingdom Occupational Exposure Limits
CAS# 68-12-2: OES-United Kingdom, TWA 10 ppm TWA; 30 mg/m3 TWA
CAS# 68-12-2: OES-United Kingdom, STEL 20 ppm STEL; 61 mg/m3 STEL
United Kingdom Maximum Exposure Limits

Canada
CAS# 68-12-2 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 68-12-2 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
Exposure Limits
CAS# 68-12-2: OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-CZECHOSLOVAKIA:TWA 30 mg/m3;STEL 60 mg/m3
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (60 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 20 ppm (60 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3;Skin
OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-POLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3
OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 10 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin
OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm;Skin
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm;Skin
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGI TLV
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 68-12-2 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

**** SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ****

MSDS Creation Date: 7/16/1996 Revision #0 Date: Original.

The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best
information currently available to us. However, we make no warranty of
merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to
such information, and we assume no liability resulting from its use. Users
should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the
information for their particular purposes. In no way shall the company be
liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or for lost
profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary
damages, howsoever arising, even if the company has been advised of
the possibility of such damages.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
生产工艺：
1、硫酸催化合成DMF 不含富马酸二甲酯的干燥剂 硫酸作为催化剂是经典的合成法,产品收率可以达到92%〔4，8，9〕，虽然这种方法简单收率高，但是，由于硫酸的腐蚀性，会引起副反应，且有三废污染等缺点。 2、对甲苯磺酸催化合成DMF 甲苯磺酸作为催化剂合成DMF，产品产率为67%左右。对甲苯磺酸是一种有机酸，虽然其对设备的腐蚀性和三废比较少、不易引起副反应、产品色泽好、价廉易得、易于保存运输和使用，用量少，活性高，但是产率比较低等缺点。 3、树脂催化合成DMF 强酸性阳离子交换树脂早在20世纪50年代就开始用于一些酯化反应中，生成的酯色度低，后处理方便，可重复使用，对设备无腐蚀性，不产生三废，极有工业使用价值。使用强酸性离子交换树脂作为催化剂合成DMF，其产率可达到91.4%。 4、固体超强酸催化合成DMF 固体超强酸催化合成富马酸二甲酯超强酸是酸强度比100%硫酸更强的酸。固体超强酸具有不腐蚀设备、不污染环境、不怕水、耐高温、反应活性高、选择性好、制造容易、在反应体系中易分离、不易中毒等优点,同时可以重复使用,因而具有一定的工业应用价值。 5、氯化铁催化合成DMF 谱尼测试提供富马酸二甲酯检测服务 结晶氯化铁催化合成富马酸二甲酯结晶氯化铁（FeCI3•6H2O）是一种价廉易得的化合物，利用它催化合成富马酸二甲酯，腐蚀小，三废污染较轻，操作方便，有一定应用价值,其有利应用条件是：当催化剂0.8g，富马酸58g，甲醇20ml，，即摩尔比为0.06∶1∶10，回流4h，得白色结晶产品，收率达61.7%〔13〕。 6、杂多酸催化合成DMF 杂多酸是由两种以上无机含氧酸缩合而成的多元酸,它不仅具有多元酸和多电子还原能力,而且其酸性和氢化还原性可以通过变换组成元素在很大范围内系统地调节。它对许多反应具有高的催化活性和选择性,并且不挥发,对热稳定、污染少、可以大大减轻对设备的腐蚀,能够再生和重复使用。 7、稀土化合物催化合成DMF 稀土化合物是我国易得、资源丰富的化合物,开发稀土化合物的利用很有经济价值。李晓莉等利用三氧化二钕(Nd2O3)催化合成了富马酸二甲酯，当15g富马酸,30ml甲醇，三氧化二钕用量为3%，回流4h，得产品收率90%〔15〕。 8、BF3•(C2H5)2O催化合成DMF 三氟化硼(BF3)是强的电子接受体，强的Lewis酸，能够与供电子的羧酸中羧基形成复合物，使羧基中的碳带更多的正电荷，但BF3是气体，故催化酯化反应的进行，常利用其与醇或醛等形成钅羊盐而使用。

看看多来点分吧 ， hehe 多多益善啊 嘿嘿

Answer 2

中文别名： N-甲酰二甲胺:
英文名称： N,N-Dimethylformamide
英文别名： DMF; N,N- dimethylformamide absolute over mol. sieve (H2O <0.01%); N,N-dimethylformamide B&J brand 4 L; N,N-Dimethylformamide DMF; DIMETHYL FORM.L WATER, S SEAL; Formdimethylamide
分子式： C3H7NO
分子量： 73.09
CAS号： 68-12-2
主要用途：
二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为重要的化工原料以及性能优良的溶剂，二甲基甲酰胺既是一种用途极广的化工原料，也是一种用途很广的优良的溶剂。二甲基甲酰胺对多种高聚物如聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚酰胺等均为良好的溶剂，可用于聚丙烯腈纤维等合成纤维的湿纺丝、聚氨酯的合成；用于塑料制膜；也可作去除油漆的脱漆剂；它还能溶解某些低溶解度的颜料，使颜料带有染料的特点。二甲基甲酰胺用于芳烃抽提以及用于从碳四馏分中分离回收丁二烯和从碳五馏分中分离回收异戊二烯，还可用作从石蜡中分离非烃成分的有效试剂。它对间苯二甲酸和对苯二甲酸的溶解性有良好的选择性：间苯二甲酸在二甲基甲酰胺中的溶解度大于对苯二甲酸，在二甲酸甲酰胺中进行溶剂萃取或部分结晶，可将两者分离。在石油化学工业中，二甲基甲酰胺可作为气体吸收剂，用来分离和精制气体。在有机反应中，二甲基甲酰胺不但广泛用作反应的溶剂，也是有机合成的重要中间体。农药工业中可用来生产杀虫脒；医药工业中可用于合成碘胺嘧啶、强力霉素、可的松、维生素B6、碘苷、驱蛲净、噻嘧啶、N-甲酰溶肉瘤素、抗瘤氨酸、甲氧芳芥、卞氮芥、环己亚硝脲、呋氟脲嘧啶、止血环酸、倍分美松、甲地孕酮、胆维他、扑尔敏等等。二甲基甲酰胺在加氢、脱氢、脱水和脱卤化氢的反应中具有催化作用，使反应温度降低，产品纯度提高。
虽是“万能溶剂”，但也有其局限性哦。沸点高，154℃，作为很多高分子材料的溶剂是比较合适的，在有机合成中要慎重选择，经常会碰到溶剂脱不净，。再有啊，它可以与水混溶，简单的回收溶剂方法是很难脱水的，不惜成本的时候呢，就用水洗掉了，在小试的时候就要考虑大生产的可行性。你要核算一下成本和废水治理方案.
对身体的危害：
毒物经各种途径吸收后,主要经肝内微粒体混合功能氧化酶进行脱甲基化作用,脱去一个甲基,代谢产物为一甲基甲酰胺和甲酰胺,代谢迅速,甲酰胺在血中滞留稍长,进而代谢为甲酸和氨排出,部分二甲基甲酰胺以原形物从尿和呼气排出。人每天吸入DMF浓度为63mg/m^3·4h,共5天,停止接触4小时,血中 DMF已不能检出,吸入浓度为30mg/m^3,24小时代谢物的排出量占总量的61～86%; 吸入浓度为60mg/m^3,24小时尿中的一甲基甲酰胺排出量不超过30mg,48小时内已不能检出; 浓度为27mg/m^3,吸入5天,24小时尿中一甲基甲酰胺量为25mg左右,从而提出24小时尿中一甲基甲酰胺超过60mg,提示接触DMF浓度已超过60mg/m^3,故认为尿中一甲基甲酰胺可作为接触DMF的一个监测指标。
对眼、皮肤和呼吸道有刺激作用。
侵入机体后,主要由肝内代谢,排泄较快,主要靶器官为肝脏,肾脏也有一定损害,属中等毒性。
临床表现
呼吸道吸入后一般经6～12小时左右后发生急性中毒; 皮肤侵入,潜伏期可较长,也有在皮肤灼伤基本愈合后再出现中毒的报道。亚急性中毒病例,自接触至发病为2～4周时间。
临床特点：
刺激症状:DMF蒸气可引起眼、上呼吸道轻、中度刺激症状。
皮肤:污染皮肤可致轻、重不等的灼伤,皮肤起皱,肤色发白,伴有灼痛感,严重者可使皮肤胀肿,剧烈灼痛。
眼:污染眼引起灼痛、流泪、结膜充血; 严重者可引起角膜坏死。
胃肠道症状:患者常有食欲不振、恶心、呕吐、腹部不适及便秘等,少数病例有中上腹痛。
肝脏:急性中毒时肝脏损害常较为突出,患者有明显乏力,右上腹胀痛,不适,出现黄疸,肝脏逐渐肿大,有压痛,常规肝功能检查示异常,其中血清转氨酶升高较明显。病变一般不严重,经治疗可逐步减轻,数周内病情可完全恢复。
严重急性中毒:表现为重症中毒性肝病,职业性中毒为少见,接触高浓度,尤其是皮肤污染严重,未及时彻底洗清者,应警惕发生严重中毒。
生活性中毒:曾有原患慢性溃疡性结肠炎患者,以DMF灌肠,作为治疗药物而引起肝病,病情呈进行性加剧,类似亚急性肝坏死型肝炎,2周内出现肝昏迷,预后凶险。
特殊危险者:原患有各种原因的肝脏疾病者,对DMF较为敏感。