第1个回答 2022-03-08
核心考点 not so much... as结构精讲: 1.它可以有两种结构 not A so much as B或者 not so much A as B. 2从意思上来看,该句型的基本含义为“与其说A倒不如说B″或者“是B而不是A”但在实际的翻译中非常灵活。3. A和B是两个被比较的平行结构,如同为介词短语、动词不定式、名词短语或其他平行结构。 只要把握住上述三个用法特点,就不难理解这个句型了。例句1： Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights(洞察力) of great men of genius(天才伟人) as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.( 1994年考硏真题) 本题考査的是not so much a as b这一比较句型。这里的平行结构是两个介词短语 through the insights of great men of genius和 because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools,两者在这里作状语,修饰谓语moves forward译文:他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。 例句2：It wasn't so much that I disliked her ____ that I just wasn't interested in the whole business. A rather B so C than D as(2000考研真题) not so much a as b。平行结构是that引导的从句 that I disliked her和 that just wasn't interested in the whole business两者在这里作表语。译文:并不是因为我不喜欢她,而是因为我对整个事情根本就不感兴趣。D 例句3：It was not so much the many blows he received for the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the game. (要把for改成as)(1992年考硏真题) 这道题有一定的迷惑性,因为在英文中的确有for the lack of这一固定搭配,意为由于缺乏….“但本题考查的实际是 not so much a as b这比较句型。这里的平行结构是两个名词短语 the many blow she received和 the lack of fighting spirit.两者在这里作表语。该句的基本框架结构是: It was... that led to his losing the game即是一个强调句型, 被强调的部分是表示一个原因, 说明是什么原因导致他比赛失利。译文:导致他比赛失利的真正原因,不是由于他遭受到的打击,而是因为他缺乏斗志。例句4：The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as a busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted.(1995年考研真题) 句型是not so much a as b,平行结构是两个名词短语 a leisurely lifestyle和 a busy lifestyle,两者在这里作 reflect的宾语。译文:美国人所渴望的种种便利设施,与其说是反映了一种休闲的生活方式,倒不如说是反映了一种忙碌的生活方式,正是因为忙碌,所以每分钟都很宝贵而不容浪费。例句5： For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling(奔波) through(整个) the '80s, downshifting in the mid-'90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one--as a personal recognition of your limitations本句含有 not so much a as b这一比较句型。这里的平行结构是两个名词短语 a search for the mythical good life-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one和a personal recognition of your limitations,两者在这里作表语。译文:对于我们这一代在20世纪80年代被敦促要搏击生活的女性来说,在90年代中期过着节奏放慢的生活,与其说是对神秘的美好生活的追求——自己种有机蔬菜、冒险变得毫无灵气的危险——倒不如说我们都认识到了自己的局限性。(juggle(v)尽力同时应付(两个或两个以上的重要工作或活动)，这里就是劳碌，奔波。the '80s=the 80s,加一撇，应该没特殊含义。risking turning into one不定代词 one指代上文中的名词 vegetable，引申是精神上像植物一样没有灵气的人。详细翻译：“我们这一代女性在八十年代奔波了整整十年，到了九十年代中期过起了慢节奏的生活，干起了种菜的营生，就算把自己变成一颗大白菜也在所不惜，不是为了想要过上神仙般的日子。是因为我们已经看到了自己的局限。” ) 例句6：The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things as to teach you the art of learning.比较的是两个动词不定式短语 to teach you things和 to teach you the art of learning译文:学校教育的伟大作用不在于教会你多少东西,而在于教会你学习的技巧。例句7： The trumpet player was certainly loud, but I was not bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent.这里被比较的是两个介词短语 by his loudness和 by his lack of talent译文:这个吹喇叭的人,吹的声音够大,但是让我很烦的不是他的大声,而是他根本就是缺乏演奏天赋。例句8，9，10：The great thing in this world is not so much where we stand as in what direction we are moving.译文:人生的意义不在于你目前身在何处,而在于你心向何方。We both agreed that our marriage had taken a marked decline in the romance department. And it wasn't a lack of sex that concerned us so much as the lack of conversation. Conversation, in fact, has always been our aphrodisiac.译文:我们俩都承认,我们的婚姻在浪漫这方面已大打折扣了,这倒不是因为缺少性生活,而在于缺少交流。事实上,保持交谈曾一直是我们感情的催化剂。He does not respect learning and prefers 'sport'. The problem set for society is not the virtue of the type so much as its adequacy for its function(职能), and here grave difficulties arise.译文:他不重视学习,只喜欢消遣。社会要回答的问题并不是这类人物有无美德,而是他是否胜任其职务。(目前社会所面临的问题与其说是绅士们是否具有美德，不如说是他们是否能胜任其职能，而严重的困难就由此而生。)
so much as的其他意思：so much as 实际是一种比较结构，是 as much as 用于否定时的变式：(not) so much as。因此，so much as变为习语(adv) 一般用于否定结构，意思是：“还不如；甚至不；甚至没，竟没，都没，连...也没；连...都没”。例如：
She didn’t know so much as a three-year-old child. 她还不如三岁的小孩懂得多。He never spoke so much as(都没) a word. 他甚至连一句话也没说。He left without so much as a nod. 他连头也不点一下就离开了。
She walked away without so much as(甚至没有) a thank-you. 她走时连句感谢话都没说。She took the money without so much as a thank you. 她接过钱，连声谢谢都没说。Off she went without so much as a 'goodbye'.她连声“再见”都没说就走了。 He never so much as smiled. 他从未笑过。I didn't so much as catch sight of him all day long 我一整天都没见他人影。She auctioned off the car without so much as taking a ride in it. 她甚至都没怎么开过那辆车，就把它拍卖了。Laura had not reproached him, never so much as mentioned it 劳拉没责备他，甚至提都没提那件事。The civil servant's expression, however, did not change, not so much as by a flicker 然而，那位公务员的表情还是那样，丝毫没变。She left without so much as saying “ good-bye ”. 她甚至连“再见”都没说就走了。He never so much as said "thanks". 他甚至连谢都不谢一声。He didn't so much as ask me to set down. 他甚至没有请我坐下。 Before most so much as ask themselves how zippy 5g networks, the “Internet of Things” or machine learning will transform their businesses, Accenture already has some answers.(1. most 指 most people 2. so much as(adv)，修饰 ask。意思是“甚至（还没）；连...还（没）”，跟否定意义的词语连用。本句 before 暗示否定意义，因为跟主句谓语动词has some answers 相比，before 从句中的动词尚未发生。)翻译: 在大多数人甚至尚未问自己5g 网络、“物联网”或智能机器学习将如何改变他们的业务的时候，埃森哲已经有了一些答案。
注意：Nothing cements a friendship between countries so much as trade. 贸易最能增强国家间的友谊。Things are changing. But not quite so much as we might all think... 世事总在变化，但这变化并非总是像我们想象的那样巨大。这里是像…一样多(这是最基本意思，不讲了)。不是整体做副词。I did not really object to Will's behaviour so much as his personality.我与其说是反感威尔的行为，不如说是讨厌他的为人。I don't really think of her as a daughter so much as a very good friend 与其说我把她当作女儿，不如说把她当作好朋友。