åæ¯è¡¨ - Alphabet
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声æ¯è¡¨ - Shengmu list
b ã
æp ã æ³¼m ã æ¸f ã ä½d ã å¾t ã ç¹n ã å¢l ã åg ã 鸽k ã èh ã åj ã 鸡q ã ä¸x ã 西zh ã èch ã åsh ã ç®r ã æ¥z ã åc ã åºs ã ä¸
éµæ¯è¡¨ - Yunmu list
i 㧠衣ao ã è¢ua ã¨ãèuai ã¨ãæªueng ã¨ã¥ç¿u 㨠å±ou ã¡ èün ã©ã£äºian ã§ã¢çeng ã¥d--ç¯Ã¼ ã© é±¼en 㣠æüe ã©ãæiao ã§ã è
°uang ã¨ã¤æ±ªa ã åan 㢠å®uo ã¨ãçªing ã§ã¥é¹°iou(iu) ã§ã¡é®o ã åia ã§ãåang 㤠æuan ã¨ã¢å¼¯uei(ui) ã¨ãå´e ã é¹
ie ã§ãå¶ei ãb--æ¯iang ã§ã¤å¤®uen(un) ã¨ã£æ¸©ai ã æ¨in ã§ã£å°Ã¼an ã©ã¢å¤iong ã©ã¥éong ï¼ã¨ã¥ï¼l--é¾ng
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Note
âèãåãç®ãæ¥ãåãåºãä¸âçä¸ä¸ªåçé³èéµæ¯ç¨iï¼å³ï¼èãåãä¸ãæ¥ã åãåºãä¸çåæ¼ä½zhiï¼chiï¼shiï¼riï¼ziï¼ciï¼siã
Yunmu in the characters "è", "å", "ç®", "æ¥", "å", "åº" and "ä¸" is i, i.e. the pinyin of these seven characters should be zhiï¼chiï¼shiï¼riï¼ziï¼ci and si.
éµæ¯ ã¦åæerï¼ç¨ä½éµå°¾çæ¶ååærãä¾å¦ï¼âå¿ç«¥âæ¼ä½ertongï¼âè±å¿âæ¼ä½huarã
Yunmu in the character "ã¦" is er, while used as yunwei (tail vowel), it is written as r. For example, the pinyin of "å¿ç«¥" is ertong, while the pinyin of "è±å¿" is huar.
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When yunmu ã is used separately, it will be written as ê.
iè¡çéµæ¯ï¼åé¢æ²¡æ声æ¯çæ¶åï¼åæ yiï¼è¡£ï¼ï¼yaï¼åï¼ï¼yeï¼å¶ï¼ï¼yaoï¼è
°ï¼ï¼you(é®)ï¼yanï¼çï¼ï¼yinï¼å°ï¼ï¼yangï¼å¤®ï¼ï¼yingï¼é¹°ï¼ï¼yongï¼éï¼ã
uè¡çéµæ¯ï¼åé¢æ²¡æ声æ¯çæ¶åï¼åæ wuï¼å±ï¼ï¼waï¼èï¼ï¼woï¼çªï¼ï¼waiï¼æªï¼ï¼weiï¼å´ï¼ï¼wanï¼å¼¯ï¼ï¼wenï¼æ¸©ï¼ï¼wangï¼æ±ªï¼ï¼wengï¼ç¿ï¼ã
üè¡ä¸çéµæ¯ï¼åé¢æ²¡æ声æ¯çæ¶åï¼åæyuï¼è¿ï¼ï¼yueï¼æï¼ï¼yuanï¼å¤ï¼ï¼yunï¼äºï¼ï¼Ã¼ç两ç¹çç¥ãüè¡ä¸çéµæ¯è·å£°æ¯jï¼qï¼xæ¼çæ¶åï¼åæjuï¼å±
ï¼ï¼quï¼åºï¼ï¼xuï¼èï¼ï¼Ã¼ä¸ç两ç¹ä¹çç¥ï¼ä½æ¯è·å£°æ¯nï¼læ¼çæ¶åï¼ä»ç¶åænüï¼å¥³ï¼ï¼lüï¼åï¼ã
If there is no shengmu before the yunmu i, the pinyin shall be written as yi (è¡£), ya (å), ye (å¶), yao (è
°), you (é®), yan (ç), yin (å°), yang (央), ying (é¹°) and yong (é).
If there is no shengmu before the yunmu u, the pinyin shall be written as wu (å±), wa (è), wo (çª), wai (æª), wei (å´), wan (弯), wen (温), wang (汪) and weng (ç¿).
If there is no shengmu before yunmu ü, the pinyin shall be written as yu (è¿), yue (æ), yuan (å¤), yun (äº) with its two dots above omitted. When it is put together with shengmu j, q, x, it shall be written as ju (å±
), qu (åº), xu (è) with its two dots above omitted, too. But when with shengmu n, l, it should be nü (女) and lü(å).
iouï¼ueiï¼uenåé¢å 声æ¯çæ¶åï¼åæiuï¼uiï¼unï¼ä¾å¦niuï¼çï¼ï¼guiï¼å½ï¼ï¼lunï¼è®ºï¼ã
If before iou, uei, uen there is a shengmu, iou, uei, uen shall be written as iu, ui, un, for example, niu (ç), gui (å½), and lun (论).
声è°ç¬¦å·å为é´å¹³ââãé³å¹³ââãä¸å£°ââãå»å£°ââã声è°ç¬¦å·æ å¨é³èç主è¦æ¯é³ä¸ï¼è½»å£°ä¸æ ãä¾å¦ï¼å¦ mÄï¼é´å¹³ï¼ã麻 máï¼é³å¹³ï¼ã马 mÇï¼ä¸å£°ï¼ãéª mà ï¼å»å£°ï¼ãå maï¼è½»å£°ï¼ã
Intonation marks are classified into four types, yinping, yangping, shangsheng and qusheng. They are marked above the main vowel of a syllable and omitted over a light tone syllable. For instance, å¦ mÄ (yinping), 麻 má (yangping), 马 mÇ (shangsheng), éª mà (qusheng)ãå ma (light tone).
aï¼oï¼e å¼å¤´çé³èè¿æ¥å¨å
¶ä»é³èåé¢çæ¶åï¼å¦æé³èççéåçæ··æ·ï¼ç¨éé³ç¬¦å·ï¼'ï¼éå¼ï¼ä¾å¦ï¼pi'aoï¼ç®è¢ï¼ã
When the syllables with a, o, e as their beginnings are put together with other syllables, if there causes confusion in pronunciation, a sound insulation mark ( ' ) should be used. For example, pi'ao (ç®è¢).
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