苹果酸分子式为C
4H
6O
5,0.l mol苹果酸与足量NaHCO
3溶液反应能产生4.48L CO
2(标准状况),二氧化碳的物质的量为0.2mol,则1mol苹果酸含2mol-COOH.苹果酸脱水能生成使溴水褪色的产物,应含有1个-OH,结合苹果酸的分子式知,苹果酸的结构简式为:HOOCCH
2CH(OH)COOH.苹果酸酯化反应进行的聚合生成聚苹果酸(PMLA),其结构为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/6609c93d70cf3bc7973c4d5dd200baa1cd112a46?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.
D被氧化生成E,则E中含有溴原子,E和氢氧化钠的水溶液发生反应生成F,F酸化生成MLA,所以F的结构简式为:NaOOCCH
2CH(OH)COONa,E的结构简式为:HOOCCH
2CHBrCOOH,D能发生银镜反应则D中含有醛基,所以D的结构简式为:OHCCH
2CHBrCHO,根据1,3-丁二烯及D的结构简式知,1,3-丁二烯和溴发生1,4加成生成A为BrCH
2CH=CHCH
2Br,A和氢氧化钠的水溶液发生取代反应生成B为HOCH
2CH=CHCH
2OH,B与HBr发生加成反应生成C,C的结构简式为:HOCH
2CH
2CHBrCH
2OH,C再被氧化生成D,苹果酸经聚合生成聚苹果酸(PMLA),
(1)由上述分析可知,A为CH
2BrCH=CHCH
2Br,D为OHCCH
2CHBrCHO,
故答案为:CH
2BrCH=CHCH
2Br;OHCCH
2CHBrCHO;
(2)反应①是1,3-丁二烯和溴发生1,4加成生成BrCH
2CH=CHCH
2Br,
反应②是BrCH
2CH=CHCH
2Br和氢氧化钠的水溶液发生取代反应生成HOCH
2CH=CHCH
2OH,
故答案为:加成反应;取代反应;
(3)所有与MLA具有相同官能团的同分异构体的结构简式有:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/fd039245d688d43f9f6610437e1ed21b0ff43bb7?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/fd039245d688d43f9f6610437e1ed21b0ff43bb7?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(4)E→F转化的化学方程式为:HOOCCH
2CHBrCOOH+3NaOH→NaOOCCH
2CH(OH)COONa+NaBr+2H
2O,
故答案为:HOOCCH
2CHBrCOOH+3NaOH→NaOOCCH
2CH(OH)COONa+NaBr+2H
2O;
(5)顺序不能颠倒,若先氧化则B中碳碳双键也被氧化,
故答案为:不能,若先氧化则B中碳碳双键也被氧化;
(6)PMLA具有良好的生物相容性,可望作为手术缝合线等材料应用于生物医药和生物材料领域.其在生物体内水解的化学方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/7af40ad162d9f2d338dea55eaaec8a136227ccb0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/7af40ad162d9f2d338dea55eaaec8a136227ccb0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.