who引导的定语从句

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

一、 who引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。如：
The student who is answering the question is John. 正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。
Anybody who breaks the laws will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。
二、 who是主格，在定语从句中作主语，此时不能省略。如：
The person who was here yesterday is a musician. 昨天来这儿的那个人是位音乐家。
但在非正式英语中，who亦可作宾语，且可以省略。如：
The man（who）I saw just now is Mr. Li. 我刚才见到的那个人是李先生。
三、 在定语从句中，who在人称、数上和其前面的先行词保持一致。如：
Do you know the boy who is standing over there? 你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗？
四、 若先行词中既有人又有物，关系代词用that而不用who。如：
He watched the children and boxes that filled the car. 他看见了塞满汽车的孩子和箱子。
五、 若先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词修饰，关系代词用that而不用who。如：
Yao Ming is the best basketball player that I know. 姚明是我知道的最好的篮球运动员。
Tom is the first boy that left the room. 汤姆是第一个离开这个房间的男孩。

Answer 2

　　Who, that引导定语从句

　　I. 在下列情况下多用或须用who

　　1. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，多用who, 如：

　　A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend.

　　The men who were pretending to weave asked him to come closer.

　　2. 先行词为those和people时多用who,如：

　　Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the
cloth.

　　People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly.

　　3. 先行词为all, anyone, one, ones指人时多用who,如：

　　All who heard the news were amazed.

　　Anyone who refused to bow was thrown into prison.

　　One who doesn’t work hard will never be happy.

　　4. 在以there be开头的句子中多用who,如：

　　There is a stranger who wants to see you.

　　5. 在非限制性定语从句中须用who,如：

　　Tom, who was killed last week, was born in England.

　　6. 一个句子带有两个定语从句，其中的一个从句的关系代词是who, 另一个是that. 如：

　　The students who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very
modest and studies very hard.

　　但如先行词后接两个以上的并列的定语从句，后一个定语从句须重复前一个关系代词，以免产生误解。如:

　　There is a teacher who presents the material in the most interesting way
and who enjoys what he teaches.

　　I. 在下列情况下多用that

　　1. 若先行词前有序数词，形容词最高级，the last, same或only修饰时多用that,如：

　　The first person (that) I visited there was Mr Green.

　　He is the last man (that) I want to see.

　　He is the finest comrade (that) I have ever worked with.

　　2. 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句须用that, 以免与先行词重复。如：

　　Who that has common sense will do such a thing?

　　Which one of us that knows something about physics does not know this?

　　Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

　　3. 若先行词兼指人与物时须用that,如：

　　He talked about the teacher and schools that he had visited.

　　4. 若关系代词在从句中作表语须用that,如：

　　He is not the man that he used to be.