This is a novel by the English author Daniel Defoe, published in 1719. It is one of the most popular adventure novels in all literature. It is the story of Bobinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is shipwrecked in a lonely tropical island.
He builds himself a hut, grows his own food, and becomes self-sufficient. After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners, a young native whome he calls Friday.
Crusoe and his“man”Friday become close friends, and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England.
中文版如下:
该作主要讲述了主人公鲁滨逊·克鲁索(Robinson Crusoe)出生于一个中产阶级家庭,一生志在遨游四海。一次在去非洲航海的途中遇到风暴,只身漂流到一个无人的荒岛上,开始了段与世隔绝的生活。他凭着强韧的意志与不懈的努力,在荒岛上顽强地生存下来,经过28年2个月零19天后得以返回故乡。
扩展资料:
创作背景
笛福生活的时代,正是英国资本主义开始大规模发展的年代。1702年,他发表《消灭不同教派的捷径》,讽刺政府的宗教政策,因而被捕,并被判处枷示三次。出狱后,从事编辑报刊,还写了不少政治、经济方面的小册子,因言论关系又曾三次被捕。1719年,笛福发表了他的第一部小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》。
作品赏析
作者不仅对鲁滨逊的冒险经历与磨难作了扣人心弦的描述,更重要的,还在于作者作为一个具有典型新兴资产阶级意识的作家,在作品中把人的勤劳、勇敢、智慧和创造才能提到了前所未有的高度,肯定了人的价值。他坚信,作为万物之灵的人类,有能力战胜困境、征服自然,并最终到达胜利的彼岸。
参考资料来源:百度百科——鲁滨逊漂流记
Robinson Crusoe was born in a decent businessman's family. He was eager to sail and wanted to see overseas. He went to London without his father's knowledge and bought some fake pearls and toys until he did business in Africa.
On the fourth voyage, the ship encountered a storm and hit a reef on the way. All her companions were killed.
Only Robinson survived and drifted to an uninhabited island. He used the mast of the wrecked ship to make a raft, carrying food, clothing, guns and ammunition to the shore again and again, and set up a tent on the side of the hill to settle down. Then he fenced around the tent with sharpened stakes and dug holes behind it.
He used simple tools to make furniture such as tables and chairs. He hunted game for food and drank fresh water from streams. He survived the initial difficulties.
He began growing barley and rice on the island, making wooden mortars, pestles and sieves, processing flour and baking rough bread. He catches and domesticates wild goats for breeding.
He also made pottery and so on, guaranteeing his life needs. A "country villa" and a farm were also built at the other end of the desert island.
Nevertheless, Robinson never gave up looking for a way to leave the island.
Shortly afterwards, he found traces of human bones and burning, where a group of savages from the outer islands once held a feast of human flesh. Robinson was shocked. Since then, he has remained vigilant and more attentive to his surroundings.
Until the twenty-fourth year, a group of savages arrived on the island with prisoners ready to kill and eat.
Robinson found out and rescued one of them. Because that day was Friday, Robinson named the captive "Friday". Since then, Friday has become Robinson's loyal servant and friend. Then Robinson rescued a Spaniard and his father on Friday.
Soon a British ship was moored near the island. The sailors rebelled and abandoned the captain and three others. Robinson and "Friday" helped the captain overpower the rebellious sailors and recapture the ship.
He left the crew on the island and returned to England with Friday and the captain. Robinson had been away from home for 35 years (28 years on the island).
中文翻译:
鲁滨逊漂流记
鲁滨逊·克鲁索出生于一个体面的商人家庭,渴望航海,一心想去海外见识一番。他瞒着父亲出海,到了伦敦,从那购买了一些假珠子、玩具等到非洲做生意。
第四次航海时,船在途中遇到风暴触礁,船上同伴全部遇难,唯有鲁滨逊幸存,只身漂流到一个荒无人烟的孤岛上。他用沉船的桅杆做了木筏,一次又一次地把船上的食物、衣服、枪支弹药等运到岸上,并在小山边搭起帐篷定居下来。接着他用削尖的木桩在帐篷周围围上栅栏,在帐篷后挖洞居住。他用简单的工具制作桌、椅等家具,猎野味为食,饮溪里的淡水,度过了最初遇到的困难。
他开始在岛上种植大麦和稻子,自制木臼、木杵、筛子,加工面粉,烘出了粗糙的面包。他捕捉并驯养野山羊,让其繁殖。
他还制作陶器等等,保证了自己的生活需要。还在荒岛的另一端建了一个“乡间别墅”和一个养殖场。
虽然这样,鲁滨逊一直没有放弃寻找离开孤岛的办法。
不久,他又发现了人骨和生过火的痕迹,原来外岛的一群野人曾在这里举行过人肉宴。鲁滨逊惊愕万分。此后他便一直保持警惕,更加留心周围的事物。直到第24年,岛上又来了一群野人,带着准备杀死并吃掉的俘虏。
鲁滨逊发现后,救出了其中的一个。因为那一天是星期五,所以鲁滨逊把被救的俘虏取名为“星期五”。此后,“星期五”成了鲁滨逊忠实的仆人和朋友。接着,鲁滨逊带着“星期五”救出了一个西班牙人和“星期五”的父亲。
不久有条英国船在岛附近停泊,船上水手叛乱,把船长等三人抛弃在岛上,鲁滨逊与“星期五”帮助船长制服了那帮叛乱水手,夺回了船只。
他把那帮水手留在岛上,自己带着“星期五”和船长等离开荒岛回到英国。此时鲁滨逊已离家35年(在岛上住了28年)。
扩展资料:
人物介绍
1、鲁滨逊
17世纪中叶,鲁滨逊·克鲁索出生在英国一个中产阶级的家庭,他本可以按照父亲的安排,依靠殷实的家产过一种平静而优裕的生活。然而。一心想外出闯荡的鲁滨逊却当上了充满惊险和刺激的水手,航行于波涛汹涌、危机四伏的大海上。
后来遭遇船难而流落荒岛,英国流亡贵族鲁滨逊在极度与世隔绝的情况下,运用水手时代训练而来的地理方位标示、天象人文观测、日移与潮汐变化登计法等与奥妙的自然搏斗,同日,记录下自己的荒岛生涯,并随时等待时机逃离绝境。
鲁滨逊在自治的日历星期五这一天,救下了食人族男孩星期五,星期五是被食人族作为祭祀的祭品带到荒岛上来的,无法再回到他的部族。
随着两个人的朝夕相处,鲁滨逊面对一个与自己不同种族、宗教及文化的人,慢慢改变了自己,两人发展成亦父亦友的情谊。这份文明世界所缺少的友谊成为鲁滨逊后来经历20多年荒岛生活的精神支柱。
英文简介:
Robinson
In the mid-17th century, Robinson Crusoe was born in a middle-class family in Britain. He could have lived a peaceful and prosperous life depending on his rich family according to his father's arrangement. However.
Robinson, who wanted to go out, became a sailor full of adventure and excitement, sailing in the rough and dangerous sea. Later, in the case of shipwreck, Robinson, a British aristocrat in exile, was in extreme isolation from the rest of the world.
He used geographical orientation marks, astronomical and human observation, day-shift and tide-change landing methods trained in the sailor's era to fight against the mysterious nature.
On the same day, he recorded his life on the desert island and waited for the opportunity to escape from the desperate situation. Robinson saved the cannibal boy on the day of the autonomous calendar Friday, which was brought to the desert island as a sacrificial offering by the cannibals and could not return to his tribe.
With the two people getting along day and night, Robinson gradually changed himself to a person of different races, religions and cultures, and they developed into a friendship between father and friend.
The friendship that the civilized world lacked became the spiritual pillar of Robinson's life on a desert island for more than 20 years.
2、星期五
星期五是一个野人,有一次在沙滩上差点被另一个部落的野人吃掉,但鲁滨逊最后救了他,正好当天是星期五,所以鲁滨逊就给他命名为“星期五”。
也由于他们之间的真挚友谊他才得以存活下去,并回到了家乡。
星期五是一个朴素、忠诚的朋友和智慧的勇者,他知恩图报,忠诚有责任心,适应能力强,他和鲁滨逊合作着施展不同的技能在岛上度过了许多年,星期五的到来让鲁滨逊圆了归家梦,自己则做了鲁滨逊的助手。星期五要求上进,很快就融入了文明人的生活,是个乐观,可爱的人。
英文简介:
Friday was a savage man who was almost eaten by a savage from another tribe on the beach, but Robinson finally saved him. It was Friday that day, so Robinson named him "Friday".
It was also because of their sincere friendship that he survived and returned to his hometown.
Friday was a simple, loyal friend and wise brave man. He was loyal, responsible and adaptable. He spent many years on the island in cooperation with Robinson. The arrival of Friday helped Robinson realize his dream of returning home.
He was Robinson's assistant. Fridays are demanding progress, and they are soon integrated into the life of civilized people. They are optimistic and lovely people.
参考资料来源:百度百科-鲁滨逊漂流记
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