英语不定式与动名词的问题

___more effectively with others,more and more people equip themselves witha higher education.
A.To competing
B.Competing
C.To compete
D.Being comepeting
这样的题怎么判断啊?什么时候用不定式或动名词?说下思路。

A. 不定式
1.不定式的时态、语态有三种形式:①一般式,如,to write / to be written ;②进行式,如,to be writing / to have been writing;③完成式,如,to have written / to have been written 。
2.基本用法
①不定式的一般式,表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时也发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如:
He seems to know this.(=It seems that he knows this.)
I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’ll see you again.)
He doesn’t like to be laughed at. (=He doesn’t like that he is being laughed at.)
②不定式的进行式,表示不定式的动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如:
When the mother went into the room, the boy pretended to be sleeping. (=… , the boy pretended that he was sleeping .)
I heard the English song being sung by him. (=I heard that the English song was being sung by him.)
③.不定式的完成式,表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如:
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. (= I am sorry that I kept you waiting so long. )
Having been well written, the book was translated into many languages. (=Because it had been well written, …)
B. 分词
1.只有现在分词才有时态和语态形式的变化。现在分词的时态、语态有两种形式:①一般式,如,doing / being done;
②完成式,如,having done / having been done 。
2.基本用法
①现在分词的一般式,表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,或在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。如:
The boys and girls went to school, singing and dancing all along the way .
They all jumped with joy ,hearing the good news.
The girl could not help crying ,being criticized in the public.
②现在分词的完成式,表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前已发生,常用作时间状语或原因状语。如:
Having done the work very well ,he was praised by the teacher.
Having been shot by a bullet, the man fell down dead.
C. 动名词
1.动名词的时态、语态有两种形式:①一般式,如,writing / being written ; ②完成式,如,having written / having been written 。
2.基本用法
①动名词的一般式不表示动作正在进行,但作具有状语性质的宾语时,动名词一般式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如:
The teacher is busy collecting the students’ exam papers.
②动名词的完成式在作具有状语性质的宾语时,表示的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。如:
He was praised by the teacher for having done the work wonderfully.
He felt so sorry for not having been given the chance to work in the company.
如果有什么问题的话,可以去小马过河问问那里专业的英语老师,谢谢!
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第1个回答  2013-11-28
你绝对是高中的学生
简写 ——with others,people equip themselves。
这种题,首先看主语people,人们和别人比较或者被拿来和别人比较都说得通,无法用主动被动区分;
看看这个从句是个什么从句。不管是翻译是因为还是为了,表示原因,结果,目的的从句通常用不定式,表示伴随,时间,条件的时候用分词;排除BD(实际上D本身就是错的,不过为了省时间,不用考虑是不是对的。)
to doing只有固定搭配的时候才用,比如forget/try to do/doing;排除A;
所以选c。
求采纳,有问题可以再问,我是英语专业的。

动词不定式的时态和语态 一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing
完成进行式 to have been doing
第2个回答  2013-11-28
仅供参考:不定式和动名词短语都可以做状语,修饰主句。但是,不定式倾向于表达目的,表现动作的意思更强一些,而动名词短语等多是表示伴随,表示状态的成分多一些。这里选择C,表达为了怎么样怎么样的意思。如果换成动名词,就会让人理解成,正在跟人竞争的时候,怎么怎么样了。
第3个回答  2013-11-28
同意楼上,从more and more 开始才是主句,前面是目的状语,而且整句话应该译为 为了有效地与他人竞争,越来越多的人开始用更高的教育水平来装备自己的实力。to do 不定式表示目的。所以选c
第4个回答  2013-11-28
亲这道题选择 C 这里不定式表示目的 根据语意 为了比别人有更好的优势,后一句越来越多的人用高等教育来武装自己 一看是目的毫无疑问选择不定时 一般动名词做状语一方面是动作的发出者是后边句子的主语,做伴随状语或者其他,表目的的只有不定式可以哦
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